tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-72263860958050786672023-11-15T08:19:42.914-08:00How to write a good paperArgumentative Photo Essay TopicsNixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.comBlogger36125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-79485093341958813902020-08-26T10:04:00.001-07:002020-08-26T10:04:04.886-07:00John Donne (1236 words) Essay Example For StudentsJohn Donne (1236 words) Essay John DonnePurify my heart for I have trespassed: An Irony In John Donnes Batter myheart, three-personed God; for You, the good and strict misgivings of thespeaker are show in a poem which appears from the outset practically like an avowalbetween sweethearts. These feelings of blame, which come from his sexual emotion,are what actuate want for a maker/creation relationship with God. Withfurther examination, the savage and sexual inclination on the relationship is alsorevealed. The primary articulation gives the peruser an underlying structure forthe state of mind of the sonnet. Donne says, Batter my heart, (1) This opening wordis the first of an up and coming horde of terms of brutality. The impression given isthat the speaker is either a defenseless as well as masochistic individual. In any case, itbecomes clear in the lines ensueing that the speaker is to some degree bothered. Player my heart, three-personed God; for You As yet thump, inhale, shine,and look to repair; That I may rise and stand, oerthrow me, and twist Yourforce, to break, blow, consume, and make me new. (1-4) In lines 1 and 3, he isasking God for torment, to be survived. In lines 2 and 4, he is mentioning to befixed, patched, made new. The speaker is vascillating between the two; he seemsindecisive. The action words in lines 2 and 4 strangely equal one another. They arethematically comparable; supplementing, and yet negating. Knockcorresponds to break, as inhale does to blow, and soon. Regardless these lines suggest the subordinate job that he takes. Inline 5, a complexity rises. He is to another due. (5) There isanother character in the sonnet who has held onto him forcibly, similar to a usurpedtown. (5) In the allocation of a town, the usurper must be the new rulerof the town, the legitimate pioneer who grabs the reins of intensity from theoriginal pioneer. This picture of a usurped town makes an interestingmetaphor for Satans heist of a keeps an eye on soul from God. It is the Christianbelief that the human soul, initially possessed by God, is at a consistent battlewith the villain, who thusly gives never-ending compulsion to which theChristians fall, and need God to moderate. The speaker says, Labor to admitYou, however Oh, continually! (6) He wants and attempts to concede God as thebeholder, the controller and proprietor of his soul, however the Devils seizure isto no closure. His barrier of the emissary in him demonstrates feeble anduntrue. (8) A town is likewise not exactly as relentless as it shows up from theoutside. We saw from line 1 that the speaker needs to be taken by God. Since heis promised unto Gods adversary, he requirements for God to break his tie toSatan, and to detain him with the goal that he would unsusceptible to the Devilsdomination. Like somebody trapped in a faulty marriage, he should be divorcedor loosened from the bunch. The way wherein D onne depicts thisdepicts the vicious idea of how he needs God to protect him. He says, Takeme to You, detain me. (12) It is additionally evident in his utilization of cruel action words hitter, thump, oerthrow, break, blow, consume, usurp, break, detain. It seemsto me that the speaker is so acutely mindful of his transgressions and weaknesses that itis basic that God spares him from his evil ways, however does so inan extraordinary, ruthless way. It is a job which he needs God to play in light of the fact that hefeels the should be censured in two different regards; that of the maker andof the restorer. These specific desires of treatment demonstate the elevatedfervor and energy of his strict conviction, which for this situation isaccompanied by severity to recompensate his wrongdoings. This energy is implicatedwith a sexual character. Player my heart. (1) In laymans terms itwould state hurt me. Strangely, the word heart during Donnesera had a sexual undertone. (A Dictionary of Shak espeares Sexual Puns andtheir Significance) This definition doesn't really become an integral factor until theconcluding lines, where he talks about being assaulted by God. But You enthrallme, never will be free,/Nor ever modest, aside from You violate me. (13-14)Donnes selection of words is basic in finding out the sexuality of thepoem. The word enchant intends to dazzle, appeal, and hold in subjugation. .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e , .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e .postImageUrl , .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e .focused content zone { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e , .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e:hover , .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e:visited , .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e:active { border:0!important; } .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; mistiness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e:active , .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e:hover { haziness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-progress: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e .focused content territory { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-improvement: underline; } .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-enhancement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u1968253c15ae77 c715f901ed68ab9c6e .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u1968253c15ae77c715f901ed68ab9c6e:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Entering The Post-present day Era EssayThe past and following expressions, detain me, and never will befree, (13) demonstrate that Donne utilized the word in each significance. This has botha savage and a sexual inclination; he is subjugated compellingly and explicitly. Thisforeshadows the sex which will occur in the following line. Ravishis a key action word, holding critical significance. It initially appears to be an insignificant reference tothe demonstration of shipping with compelling feeling (esp. satisfaction). In any case, upon closerinspection, the numerous implications of the word make an altogether new perspectiveon the sonnet. Different implications of violate are to seize and take away byforce, to abduct, to assault and damage, and in Shakespearian occasions, to rob,plunder. Donne wanted for God to hold onto him from the usurper, the Devilhimself. The previously mentioned word modest, which means virginal and celibate,bestows coherance on the definition as assault. Alluding back to the opening lineof the sonnet, the use of the word heart as a sexual reference now makessense. Maybe it additionally connotes the vagina; interfacing the battering ofa heart to a pulsating of the vagina, to assault. He is asking God to breakhim (assault him), to make him new. In the closing line, the speakerstates that he will ever be pure, aside from You violate me. Takenliterally, the expression repudiates itself. How can one case that he will neverbe virginal, except if he has been assaulted? It is clear here that Donne sees arape from God as refinement, a resurrection of virginity; indeed, givingemphasis to his should be rebuffed for his offenses. This brings intoquestion the specific idea of Donne s relationship with God, and how and whyhe is so profoundly subject to God. It is practically inquisitive that God appears to beplaying these varying jobs. Donne needs God to be the three-personedGod, (1) assuming three unique jobs, the maker/destroyer,restorer/purifier, and raper. The speaker is requesting that God cleanse him, to helphim get away from Satans handle, and yet he needs to be assaulted. He wantsto be reproduced, made new, and yet mended,rectified in ethics. The entire goal of the sonnet appears to be conflicting, however it isvery recounting the speakers strict standing. Donne considers assault to be a sortof purging of the spirit. It blesses purity rather thanannihilating it. He demands this viciousness to scrub him of his sinfuldefilements. He needs God to thoroughly demolish him since he is enticed byit. His spirit is hitched to the allurement of the world, to the demon and si n. Henceforth, needs God to detain him since he feels vulnerable, erratic; he needsdirection. Anyway he can't see himself liberated from sins dreadful hold. Thisexplains the incongruity of the closing lines. The whole sonnet is filled withirony, and fittingly, the sonnet finishes in a logical inconsistency. Similar to the ironyof assault as a methods for refinement, God develops as he tears down. Donnesreligious rule is uncovered in this similitude, in his stunning solicitation to beravished into purity. He is a man who is in urgent need of being forgivenand refined by God, a man who considers savagery to be the main compelling methods ofdoing so. Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-31637191923824419152020-08-22T07:49:00.001-07:002020-08-22T07:49:35.011-07:008th Journal Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordseighth Journal - Movie Review Example Occupants of a seaside little town of Nuadkhibu live in desire for a brilliant future. Prior to going to Europe, 17-year-old Abdalla visits his mom who lives in this settlement. The person doesnt communicate in neighborhood language and appears to be an alien to local people. He additionally doesnt like rustic wayââ¬â¢s ancientness. Be that as it may, having got to know individuals closer, Abdalla begins feeling the call of the blood. Such portrayal can make a feeling that the plot is sentimental, however in the event that to watch the entire film, it turns out to be certain that the film delineates genuine occasions which happen when outsiders go to a nation and attempt to force their guidelines. The occupants of the town experience the ill effects of strict political radicalism. The strict political radicalism is strictly spurred action coordinated on savage difference in a political framework or rough seizure of intensity, infringement of the power and regional trustworthiness of the state, on inception of strict struggle and contempt for this reason. Just as the ethno-patriot fanaticism, strict political radicalism speaks to a sort of political radicalism. It is recognized by certain trademark highlights, which make it not quite the same as different sorts of fanaticism. The strict and political fanaticism dismisses the chance of arrangements, bargain, and agreement arrangements of socio-political issues. Supporters of strict and political radicalism are recognized by outrageous narrow mindedness comparable to each and every individual who doesn't share their political perspectives, remembering siblings for confidence. For them there are no principles in the round of gover nmental issues, no outskirts. The Malian city of Timbuktu shows up in strict extremistsââ¬â¢ occupation, and the adherents of jihad carry out wrongdoings here consistently. In excess of a portion of the city is involved by the newcomers, and ladies endure more than men. Through the tale of Kidan, Fatima, their girl Toya and little herder Issan, Abdurrahman Sissako communicates a dissent against the hard Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-25480750169778238602020-08-17T22:40:00.001-07:002020-08-17T22:40:02.651-07:00Minimalist Resolution Update 4 April 2011Minimalist Resolution Update 4 April 2011 This will be my last update this year for my minimalist new yearâs resolution. I will write a final update once the year has ended. For those of you just tuning in, at the beginning of the year I resolved to purchase nothing for one year (other than consumables like food and hygiene products). Why is this my last update? There are a few reasons: Iâm bored writing about it, so itâs time to move on. You probably donât want twelve updates over the year telling you I didnât buy anything (and I donât want to waste your time or my time with something so banal). Most importantly, my internal decision-making pattern has completely changed. I no longer get that impulse to purchase things. Sure, there are still things I want, but I no longer buy stuff on a whim (I noticed this after the first two months, and by the end of 90 days my pattern had completely changed). I will continue to pursue this resolution for the remaining two-thirds of the year, and Ill write a recap in January 2012. Lessons Learned Ive learned quite a bit over the past four months: I am not my stuff. I do not need to purchase new stuff to make me happy. I have enough. I dont have less; I have more. Itâs much easier than you think: itâs easy to say no. My time is better spent creating rather than consuming. I am not a consumer. Less stuff equals less worrying and less stress. Less purchases equals less need for income. Less need for income equals being able to leave a soul-crushing job. I already have everything I need. Even though I didnt purchase anything, I was able to donate the majority of my clothes this month and I still have plenty left. Read my final update, January 2012: Resolving to Learn from Failure. Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-26212410188964163562020-05-24T08:09:00.001-07:002020-05-24T08:09:04.690-07:00The Effect Of Macroeconomic Indicators On Economic Growth... THE EFFECT OF MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN A PETROL-DOLLAR ECONOMY: THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE 1. Introduction The Central Bank of Nigeria Act of 1958(CBN) vested the monetary policy powers of economic stability on the apex regulatory bank (CBN).Since our independence in 1960,CBN has operated a fixed exchange regime which was at various times was at par with the British pounds and later the United States Dollar. This exchange rate regime was operated in addition to administrative controls on foreign exchange to ensure macroeconomic goals of government are achieved. Exchange rate volatility became problematic following the breakdown of the Breton Woods negotiations in 1973 which led to flexible exchange rate among world currencies. Countries tried to establish exchange rates with trading partners whom they have bilateral and multilateral trade agreements with. A watershed in exchange rate policy was achieved in 1978, as CBN pegged the Nigeria Naira to 12 currencies of her major trading partners. This lofty objective was short-lived as the oil-glut of the 1980s in the international oil market led to inability of the Federal Government to meet international financial commitment. Monetary policy is the process the government uses through the apex bank (CBN) to control the supply of money of money, availability of money and cost of money or rate of interest in order to attain a set of objectives oriented towards the growth and stability ofShow MoreRelatedFdi Inflow, Current Account Balance, Inflation and Interest Rate: How Do They Impact the Malaysian Economy?8688 Words à |à 35 PagesInflow, Current Account Balance, Inflation And Interest Rate: How Do They Impact The Malaysian Economy? 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At this moment, when changes to an environmentally friendly world are urgently demanded, a number of corporations have taken measures to cater Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-73264436081837105452020-05-13T11:41:00.001-07:002020-05-13T11:41:03.217-07:00Literary Portrayal Of The Slavic Vampire - 2383 Words Jan Perkowski is a Professor of Slavic Languages and Literatures at the University of Virginia. Aside from teaching courses on vampire mythology and folklore, he also researches Slavic mythology and Russian language. Perkowski has contributed many works towards vampire mythology and folklore, and ââ¬Å"in studying the Slavic Vampireâ⬠he ââ¬Å"devised an outline of analysis to be applied to individual accounts of Slavic vampiresâ⬠(Stern). This allows for students to deconstruct the Slavic vampire to see how it may differ or strongly relate to the stereotypical vampire that the contemporary audience knows today. Todayââ¬â¢s stereotypical vampire is commonly thought to die from a wooden stake piercing the heart or from the burning heat of the sun (Guà µmundsdà ³ttir). Physical characteristics are oftentimes extremely pale with a long nose, paired with sharp canine fangs that enhance the vampireââ¬â¢s unearthly, ghastly mien. The historical portrayal of the folklori c and legendary vampire is often grotesque. The uncertainty and fear of a disastrous and mysterious disease otherwise called as the Black Death spread across Europe in the mid-14th century (Benedictow). The looming, ominous plague clouded over Europe as swarms of rats carrying the bubonic plague spread throughout the city streets like a tsunami crashes into New York City, waves weaving intricately along and in-between the skyscrapers, looking for the next open space they can swell into. The lack of knowledge in regards to the origin of Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-52602622493860056702020-05-06T13:47:00.001-07:002020-05-06T13:47:11.697-07:00Do You Like Surprises Why Free Essays To be surprised is for the flow of life to reach you personally, to be a participant in the unpredictability of life, for better or for worse. To never be surprised is to live an incredibly sheltered life, or to be completely insensitive to the ebb and flow of live around you. I often like to be surprise even from the childhood. We will write a custom essay sample on Do You Like Surprises ? Why? or any similar topic only for you Order Now My surprises come just on holidays such as St. Nicholas or Santa Claus. I remember when my parents tried for years to make for us my holiday surprises, like putting at foot tree or in boots various gifts that always surprises me with joy. Lately, when I got married my husband was the one who started to make for me different surprises, surprised me with things material or spiritual. I remember with nostalgia, when I was kid looking forward to the winter holidays? to receive gifts. I have long believed in Santa Claus a holiday and in holy Romanian Orthodox calendar, where it comes my name ââ¬Å"Nicoletaâ⬠. I love more than Santa Claus because my mom always surprises me with gifts twice. Once she put it in my shoes toy, candy, and later surprised me with cake, cookies, and we celebrate a birthday with neighborââ¬â¢s children or from school that were my guestââ¬â¢s surprise. Nowadays, although I grew up with my mother surprised with call or gifts when we are closed. My husband the second person in my life who conquered surprises me is my husband. He fell in love with me since the first moment of surprise. We have met on the Internet, and the first surprise that I did it after two months of online conversation was coming to Romania to see me. Of course, he came laden with gifts for the whole family, although we do not knew very well. I thought he was a nice gesture and I took it as a charity. Another surprise was when he comeback next time with Engagement ring and he asked me to be his wife. However, after that come more, and more surprises from his part and my life became changes. In conclusion, I like to make surprises as well as to accept them, How to cite Do You Like Surprises ? Why?, Essay examples Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-19509653808559577092020-05-04T20:14:00.001-07:002020-05-04T20:14:03.160-07:00Cloud Computing Hits Snag in Europe for Networking- myassignmenthelp Question: Discuss about theCloud Computing Hits Snag in Europe for Networking. Answer: Cloud computing is the technology utilized for transferring data or any type of services via Internet. The services include analytics, networking, servers and storage. The services are configurable (Dewey, 2016). The main benefit of cloud computing is that the data analysis can be done easily. Apart from this, cloud computing is affordable for all organizations. It even does its job with intense speed and this in turn increases the overall productivity of the organization easily. However, in spite of helping the technological world with so many advantages, cloud computing do has some of the major disadvantages (Hashizume et al., 2013). The major disadvantage of cloud computing is that the downtime is excessive high. The essay given below briefly describes the major turmoil that occurred in Europe due to cloud computing. The essay helps to understand whether the case is ethical or not with the help of the four classical theories of ethics. Proper justifications are also provided to un derstand the case study. Cloud computing helps to transfer data and other services over the Internet easily. This is done with utmost security and reliability. However, in 2010, Europe suffered from several drawbacks in the cloud (OBrien, 2017). The European government wanted to secure European cloud and the confidential data from all types of cyber threats and risks. The free flow of data can be easily modified and intercepted by the cyber criminals and terrorists. One of the major disadvantage of cloud computing is that the security can be intercepted. Due to this reason, the government of Europe restricted the cloud to such level that no data was theft was intercepted through this. However, the problem with such restrictions was that the procedures and processes of the cloud were slowed down with the comparison of the United States (Zissis Lekkas, 2012). The government of US allows all the organizations to transfer data through cloud computing legally. Europe was lagging behind in terms of sales by almos t 6 times than US. The total sales in 2012 were about 102 billion dollars in US, whereas in Europe it was only about 18 billion dollars. The main problem was that all the data were being encrypted before transferring them. This was slowing down the entire process. Another problem in this case study was the European Data Privacy Directive. This directive did not allow data from European Union to move internationally (OBrien, 2017). Handful countries like US, Argentina and Canada were allowed for providing the services of cloud. The main objective of this essay is to understand whether the case study of the European cloud is ethical or non ethical. There are four classical theories of ethics (Arntzenius, 2014). They are the utilitarianism theory, deontology theory, virtue theory and the contract theory. The government of Europe was stopping the data to transfer in the cloud. The utilitarianism theory states that every activity should have a utility. This type of activity can be said as the best activity. In this case study, the European government was trying to secure and protect the European data. They did not have any wrong or unethical intentions behind this (Crimmins, 2017). However, the activity did not have any utility. Rather, it was negative. Therefore, as per the utilitarianism theory, the case study is non-ethical. The second theory is the Deontology theory. This theory states that all decisions taken by human beings must be taken on the basis of the morality of an action (Chen Schonger, 2017). According to this theory, every decision is based on obligations and duties. The moral obligation obliges a person to complete his task. This type of obligation comes from external and internal sources like personal, cultural values, legal, religious and universal laws. In the case study of cloud computing, the government of Europe is not non-ethical as they did not do anything wrong (Lazar, 2017). They were only performing their responsibilities. The case study is not unethical as per the deontology theory. The third theory of ethics is the virtue theory. The thoughts that a person have and the decision that a person takes is dependent on the character of the person (Audi, 2012). If the person bears an ethical character, he will come up with ethical and moral decisions. However, if he bears an unethical character, he will always take unethical decisions. The thoughts are completely managed and controlled by the individual (Van Hooft, 2014). Here, this theory does not apply as the decision taken by European government is not based on thoughts. The fourth theory is the contract theory (Fried, 2015). This theory states that the morality of an individual depends on any type of contract. It is helpful for taking out the ethical and moral values in that individual. No such contract is mentioned in this case (Niebuhr, 2013). Thus, this theory is not applicable in this particular case study. The decision taken by European government for protecting the data in the cloud somewhat backfired them. The entire process was slowed down. I would recommend that some more countries should be allowed for sending and receiving data. This will be helpful for Europe as it will open up more options for Europe. Therefore, it can be concluded that cloud computing is the technology utilized for transferring data or any type of services via Internet. The services include analytics, networking, servers and storage. The services are configurable. The main benefit of cloud computing is that the data analysis can be done easily. Apart from this, cloud computing is affordable for all organizations. It even does its job with intense speed and this in turn increases the overall productivity of the organization easily. However, in spite of helping the technological world with so many advantages, cloud computing do has some of the major disadvantages. The major disadvantage of cloud computing is that the downtime is excessive high. The essay briefly describes the major turmoil that occurred in Europe due to cloud computing. The essay helps to understand whether the case is ethical or not with the help of the four classical theories of ethics. According to the utilitarianism theory, the case is non ethi cal, however, according to the deontology theory, the case study is ethical. The virtue and contract theories do not apply to this case study. Proper justifications are also provided to understand the case study. References Arntzenius, F. (2014). Utilitarianism, decision theory and eternity.Philosophical Perspectives,28(1), 31-58. Audi, R. (2012). Virtue ethics as a resource in business.Business Ethics Quarterly,22(2), 273-291. Chen, D. L., Schonger, M. (2017). Social preferences or sacred values? theory and evidence of deontological motivations. Crimmins, J. E. (Ed.). (2017).The Bloomsbury encyclopedia of utilitarianism. Bloomsbury Publishing. Dewey, J. (2016).Ethics. Read Books Ltd. Fried, C. (2015).Contract as promise: A theory of contractual obligation. Oxford University Press, USA. Hashizume, K., Rosado, D. G., Fernndez-Medina, E., Fernandez, E. B. (2013). An analysis of security issues for cloud computing.Journal of Internet Services and Applications,4(1), 5. Lazar, S. (2017). Deontological Decision Theory and Agent-Centered Options.Ethics,127(3), 579-609. Niebuhr, R. (2013).Moral man and immoral society: A study in ethics and politics. Westminster John Knox Press. OBrien, K. (2017).Cloud Computing Hits Snag in Europe.Nytimes.com. Retrieved 19 September 2017, from https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/20/technology/20cloud.html?hpw Van Hooft, S. (2014).Understanding virtue ethics. Routledge. Zissis, D., Lekkas, D. (2012). Addressing cloud computing security issues.Future Generation computer systems,28(3), 583-592. Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-22246212120058358132020-03-30T07:33:00.001-07:002020-03-30T07:33:03.082-07:00The starry night Essay Example For Students The starry night Essay The Starry night by Van Gogh Now the darkness took over the sky and a chill ran down my body. The wispy breeze was cold too. The somber path curving up to the ghastly trivial hill, on which I walked alone. But the other side of the hill was proud with light. The path ran amidst prickly scrubs trampled by the locals. On the path were laid water drenched leaves from the shower in the afternoon. The sky was illuminated with tiny emotive objects. Under he colossal tree laid a pit of dry leaves with some streaks of gray smoke making their way through the long butted sack of heat. The starry night started with a chilled breeze blowing and fireflies rode the air current making their way through to safer grounds. I made myself comfortable on soft damp grass and lay down. A man stood on the front, barring the view. He crushed a stalk in his mouth, a Mexican poncho crowned his head, and he bore a cowboy outfit on a lean build. We will write a custom essay on The starry night specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now He had his own way, e stood tall with a silhouette marking his practical personality. He asked what are you doing out here, kid? I was bewildered and I said Just had food, am chilling, you? He kept quiet, wind blew, the leaves rattled and the light smoke hustled to get attention. The sky had a startling clout which made me contemplate the environment. In front of the long butted fire stood a rock which stood crisp and rough by the blowing air. It was midnight, an I still lay on the velvety grass sensing a deep, amp scent of rain, a little bit of moist mud. The cynical curls of clouds ruled the skies, and the stars seemed to have been standing overpowered by the vicious clouds of rain, but as time went past the mighty clouds had been triumphed by the robust Lulus. It seemed very positive while the person by my side lay with his hat covering his cryptic and diplomatic personality. The sky was clear and the moss started to deluge on my face like god left his shower running. I felt exuberant, I unveiled my yes and witnessed the Jovial and stunning sky and it mesmerisms me, as I gradually stood up and could not see the man. The rabbits hurried as silently as they could to get out of sight. For a moment the entire place felt dull until I the bright sunlight struck my eyes and forced me to look at it. The tedious darkness was defeated by the bright streaks of sun, the light climbed up the hill and it was five in the morning. The cowboy man patted me on the back, his face blushing with an optimistic glow, like it said lets move on. The starry night Essay Example For Students The starry night Essay The Starry night by Van Gogh Now the darkness took over the sky and a chill ran down my body. The wispy breeze was cold too. The somber path curving up to the ghastly trivial hill, on which I walked alone. But the other side of the hill was proud with light. The path ran amidst prickly scrubs trampled by the locals. On the path were laid water drenched leaves from the shower in the afternoon. The sky was illuminated with tiny emotive objects. Under he colossal tree laid a pit of dry leaves with some streaks of gray smoke making their way through the long butted sack of heat. The starry night started with a chilled breeze blowing and fireflies rode the air current making their way through to safer grounds. I made myself comfortable on soft damp grass and lay down. A man stood on the front, barring the view. He crushed a stalk in his mouth, a Mexican poncho crowned his head, and he bore a cowboy outfit on a lean build. We will write a custom essay on The starry night specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now He had his own way, e stood tall with a silhouette marking his practical personality. He asked what are you doing out here, kid? I was bewildered and I said Just had food, am chilling, you? He kept quiet, wind blew, the leaves rattled and the light smoke hustled to get attention. The sky had a startling clout which made me contemplate the environment. In front of the long butted fire stood a rock which stood crisp and rough by the blowing air. It was midnight, an I still lay on the velvety grass sensing a deep, amp scent of rain, a little bit of moist mud. The cynical curls of clouds ruled the skies, and the stars seemed to have been standing overpowered by the vicious clouds of rain, but as time went past the mighty clouds had been triumphed by the robust Lulus. It seemed very positive while the person by my side lay with his hat covering his cryptic and diplomatic personality. The sky was clear and the moss started to deluge on my face like god left his shower running. I felt exuberant, I unveiled my yes and witnessed the Jovial and stunning sky and it mesmerisms me, as I gradually stood up and could not see the man. The rabbits hurried as silently as they could to get out of sight. For a moment the entire place felt dull until I the bright sunlight struck my eyes and forced me to look at it. The tedious darkness was defeated by the bright streaks of sun, the light climbed up the hill and it was five in the morning. The cowboy man patted me on the back, his face blushing with an optimistic glow, like it said lets move on. Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-28725801526507456122020-03-07T12:10:00.001-08:002020-03-07T12:10:03.786-08:00Italian Verbs Conjugated With Two Pronominal ParticlesItalian Verbs Conjugated With Two Pronominal Particles Italian pronominal verbs (verbi pronominali) are verbs conjugated with two different pronominal particles (particelle pronominali). In the infinitive, these verbs frequently end in -sene (such as tornarsene or vergognarsene) or else have other pronominalà particles attached (such as mettercela or squagliarsela). Oftentimes these verbs are used idiomatically. Intransitivi Pronominali There are several pronominal verbs which are intransitive. Examples include curarsene and partirsene, in which the reflexive pronoun si is used to emphasize the concept or describe a reciprocal action and the pronoun can mean about it, any, some, or from there. Note that the pronoun si becomes se when followed by another particle (partirsene and not partirsine). Below is a list of some common intransitivi pronominali: approfittarsene: to take advantage of something or somebodycurarsene (or prendersene cura): to be cured ofdirsene di tutti i colori: to call one another namesfregarsene: not to care (colloquial; to be avoided in formal situations)- Me ne frego.guardarsene: to beware, to avoidinfischiarsene: not to care (colloquial; to be avoided in formal situations)- Me ne infischio.intendersene: to be an expertinvaghirsene: to become infatuated; dated, but can be still encountered in written speech- Narciso vide il suo viso riflesso nellacqua e se ne invaghà ¬.lavarsene (le mani): to wash ones hands of somethingoccuparsene: to take care of somethingpentirsene: to regret somethingsbattersene : not to care (colloquial; to be avoided in formal situations)- Me ne sbatto.tornarsene: emphatic for - Basta! Me ne torno da mia madre! Andarsene The verb andarsene (to go away- used emphatically) is a frequently encountered Italian pronominal verb and can serve as a model for conjugating similar verbs. Here are some examples of the verb andarsene used in a sentence: Vattene, non ti voglio pià ¹ vedere! (go away, I dont want to see you again)Me ne vado (Im going away)Perchà © ve ne andate?(Why are you going away?)Se ne stava tutta sola in un angoloâ⬠(she was sitting in a corner all by herself); Note, when conjugating the imperative and gerund of andarsene and similar verbs that have two pronominalà particles that both are appended to the conjugated verb (Andatevene!; Vattene!; Andiamocene!), while in other moods and tenses the pronoun ne, as well as the particles mi, ti, si, ci, and vi precede the verb. In addition, the particles make a phonetic change to me, te, se, ce, and ve. Two Pronominalà Particles In addition to the ending -sene, some Italian pronominal verbs are formed with the reflexive particle sà © plus a pronome oggetto (object pronoun), or else a combination with the particles ci and ne. These verbs frequently have idiomatic meanings also. More Italian Pronominal Verbs / Verbi Pronominali avercela: to be angry withcavarsela: to get out of a difficulty- Siamo riusciti a cavarcela.darsele: to come to blows- Carlo e Giacomo se le sono date per lei.darsela a gambe: to run awaydormirsela: to sleep soundly- Io lavoro e lui se la dorme! farcela: to manage- Scommetto che ce la farai a superare lââ¬â¢esame.filarsela: to beat it- Potrebbero sorprenderci, à ¨ meglio filarsela.godersela: to have a good time- Lui sà ¬ che se la gode!intendersela: to have an affair- Sai con chi se la intende? Se la sono intesa per un anno e poi si sono lasciati.mettercela tutta: do ones bestprendersela: to take offenseprendersela (comoda): to take ones time- Prenditela pure comoda, non cà ¨ fretta.squagliarsela: to sneak away- Ce la siamo squagliata per non incontrarli.svignarsela: to sneak away- Appena possibile ce la svignamo.trovarcisi: to find oneselfvedercisi: to see oneself doing somethingvedersela brutta: to fear the worst Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-19917832775259686932020-02-20T03:37:00.001-08:002020-02-20T03:37:03.166-08:00Book Reeview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsBook Reeview - Essay Example The second author, Stewart Emery, is renowned worldwide for his books and also as an excellent speaker and educator. Lastly, the third author of the book is Mark Thompson, who is well known for his keynotes in several of his writings and is also a venture capitalist (Porras, Emery & Thompson, 2007). Contextually, the objective of this paper is to review the book Success Built to Last: Creating a Life that Matters for better understanding and analysis. In this regard, the main ideas of the book are pointed out along with critical concepts. Moreover, the review also reveals the accuracy of the information that is written in the book. Based on these aspects of critical understanding, a conclusion is also drawn in the end. The book Success Built to Last: Creating a Life that Matters is written in the background of some of the largest organizations of the world and their success factors. It not only contains examples of big organizations but also adequate information about some of the small and medium-sized enterprises. Besides analyzing the business organizations, the book also contains the learning factors from some of the greatest personalities of the world. These personalities include Nelson Mandela, Richard Branson, several other renowned presidents of the past and some sports personalities. The book provides a clear understanding about the habits and key success factors that would support the individuals and organizations of the present day to lead to progress. The core objective of the book is to reveal these success factors of the renowned individuals and organizations of the past and present to help people of the modern day build organization in order to gain excellence. In the process of writ ing a book, the authors have extensively interviewed several world famous personalities to gain in-depth knowledge about their views regarding success Porras et al., 2007). The key concepts of the book are well defined through citation Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-69520228382080092802020-02-04T16:08:00.001-08:002020-02-04T16:08:03.157-08:00Waste Management Reseach Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsWaste Management Reseach - Research Paper Example The disposal of the petroleum should be done in a way least harmful to the human and natural environment. The price of the property will depend on the level of environmental degradation, therefore, the more the levels of contamination, the lower the price of the property and the other way round. The existing legislation in the state government where the Brownfield is located should be put into consideration, to determine the procedure the voluntary buyer will use in acquiring the property. The client will also need to know the legal issues that may arise from acquiring such a property, therefore, the services of an environmental attorney will be come in handy. The attorney will determine whether, in consideration to the current legislation the activities being conducted on the property are legal or not. This way the reputation of the client will be maintained and any legal issues arising will be anticipated. Before purchasing the property the client needs to get all the permits, lice nses and approvals by the owner of the property, on compliance with state and federal government regarding environmental regulations. The documents should also reflect the right to be in possession of hazardous materials, and the means of disposal. The client should identify the partnerships that they will engage in and what they intend to set up in the site. Some of the property buildings which may not be in such good shape, therefore the voluntary buying party will need to make a decision whether to demolish or renovate them. A review of all the environmental records will be important to determine whether the current holders comply with the set regulations or not. Since the staff and management are not straight forward with their businesses and dealings, the potential buyer will need to use public information on the property. Using the services of the environmental attorney, they should draw up an agreement, to come up with compensation mechanisms, just incase an individual or gro up sues for compensation in future. This may be due to the harm caused by the activities of the premise, before the current owner acquired possession of the property. 2) If your client assumes responsibility for clean up and wants you to head the clean up effort, what are some of your first steps? The voluntary buyer of the parcel of land, together with the buildings, has seen the potential of the property, regardless of the fact that it is contaminated. Clean up exercises when done correctly, have the potential to change the landscape of otherwise unproductive and polluted pieces of property. The benefits of conducting clean up exercises are improved human and environmental health and profit margins to the new developer. - The first step will be acquiring more information on the parcel of land for example tax records and the real owners of the land. This step will be crucial putting into consideration that the management and staff in charge of the project were not so forthcoming wi th details such as existence of petroleum products, something which is very crucial. - The next plan of action will be to sign a contract, which will state clearly the scope of work, important definitions of terms and confidentiality of the terms. This will be important when legal issues arise and one of the parties or a third party decides to go to court. The contract should state clearly how the clean up Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-72314016940095267962020-01-27T12:32:00.001-08:002020-01-27T12:32:03.868-08:00St Jude Childrens Research HospitalSt Jude Childrens Research Hospital St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital is a not-for-profit hospital located in the heart of Memphis, Tennessee. It is an internationally recognized hospital that pioneered research finding cures and saving children with cancer and other catastrophic diseases. It treats patients from all 50 states and around the world, without regard to ability to pay, never requiring families to pay for treatment not covered by insurance (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). St. Jude remains the first and only pediatric cancer center designated as a Comprehensive Cancer Center by the National Cancer Institute (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). It is currently ranked first in Childrens Hospitals for cancer care (U.S. News and World Report, 2010). St Jude Childrens Research Hospital encompasses an extensive and impressive mission, vision, and set of values. The mission of St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital is to advance cures, and means of prevention, for pediatric catastrophic diseases through research and treatment. Consistent with the vision of our founder Danny Thomas, no child is denied treatment based on race, religion, or a familys ability to pay. (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010) St. Jude has a vision to be a world leader in the treatment and prevention of catastrophic diseases in children (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). They aim to meet this by providing exceptional patient care and extensive clinical research to better understand the catastrophic diseases of childhood, enhance outcomes of treatment, prevent diseases, minimize deleterious consequences of treatment, and educate healthcare and research professionals on such findings (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). The overall goal of these tasks is to find a cure and enhance the quality of life for the children they treat. To reach a larger portion of the affected population, they work to expand and share this knowledge to enhance the treatment of children with catastrophic diseases worldwide, working towards a strategy for disease prevention (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). St. Jude highly values their patients, families, and donors that enable them to act out their Mission. To adequately espouse their Mission and vision, the organization has outlined an explicit set of values and standards to guide their daily actions and decisions. To ensure adherence, ongoing training and evaluation is conducted (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). The values include: promoting ethical behavior, providing the highest quality of medical and supportive family-centered care, respecting ethical, cultural, religious, and lifestyle differences of all those involved in the hospital, promoting wise spending of every dollar donated back to the care and research for the patients it treats, maintaining a commitment to a culture of excellence, innovation, and creativity in all that they do, having a drive and sense of urgency to succeed, being honest and accountable for actions and decisions, and cultivation of an environment of trust, teamwork, and respect (St. Jude Ch ildrens Research Hospital, 2010). St. Jude does a fantastic job adhering to their Mission, vision, and values as noted through their increased survival rate of all pediatric cancers, high quality care, repeated ranking of the number one hospital for pediatric cancer care, and meeting financial requirements of the establishment with never asking families to pay for treatments that insurance fails to cover. This last portion has remained extremely important to the hospital since first opening as most patients who enter through hospital doors have already maxed out their lifetime insurance caps and lack the funding to continue paying for the seemingly endless hospital bills (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). To be accepted as a patient at St. Jude, a child must have a diagnosis specific to a current disease in study and be referred by physicians. The patient must be no older than 18 and generally not have received extensive treatment elsewhere. (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). While the St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital campus is an independent health care system, their top-notch research integrates them with childrens hospitals throughout the world (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). St. Jude conducts all research and primary studies within their campus but freely shares this research with hospitals throughout the world (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). Because of this cooperation, there is minimal competitiveness from other facilities but rather a system that works together for the sake of the children suffering from catastrophic diseases. St. Jude is the national coordinating center for the Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium and the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). On top of the exceptional research and care provided for pediatric cancer, St. Jude is a leader in sickle cell disease research and has become a primary research center for influenza throughout the world (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). St. Jude is internationally recognized for pioneering the research and treatment of pediatric patients suffering from cancer and other catastrophic diseases (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). Because of the work St. Jude has done, research protocols have helped to push overall survival rates of childhood cancer from less than 20 percent when the hospital opened, to over 80 percent today (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). They have treated patients from across the globe that are accepted and respected without regard to ethnicity and cultural differences (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). St. Jude has impacted the families by providing hope to families with a grim prognosis, lack of financing, and nowhere else to turn. St. Jude is the sole pediatric cancer research center that accepts patients without regard to ability to pay. Families are never asked to pay for treatment not covered by insurance, and no child is denied treatment because of inability to pay. (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). The American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities (ALSAC) has been the exclusive fund-raising organization of St. Jude since 1957, helping raise funds to build the establishment with founder Danny Thomas and his vision (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). In the 2009 Fiscal Year, ALSAC raised $682 million through volunteers, corporate partners, and donors to meet the daily St. Jude operating cost of $1.5 million a day (ALSAC/St. Jude Annual Report, 2009). These operating costs include patient care services, research expenditures, education, training, and community services to accommodate staff and administration of the hospital. Patient care services include all care needed for active patie nts. This can include medical care and living expenditures for patients and families. Most patients are treated on an outpatient basis in the St. Jude clinics and are housed at one of the three housing organizations in Memphis affiliated with St. Jude (Target House, Grizzly House, Ronald McDonald House). Once remission is achieved treatment can be transferred to a doctor in the patients home community in collaboration with St. Jude protocols (ALSAC/St. Jude Annual Report, 2009). In addition to ALSAC, St. Jude has over 60 corporate partners including: Target, the NFL, The Memphis Grizzlies, Kay Jewelers, and Chilis, (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). In addition to their corporate partners, individual donors and organizations help financially support the work of St. Jude (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). Additional influences on St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital include the American Medical Association and American Nursing Association who serve to guide the doctors and nurses employed by the hospital. The policy and regulation of St. Jude is in accordance with research policies nationwide to ensure the safety of patients with the potential benefit of treatment outweighing the risk. The hospital adheres to set protocols in study and only deviates from them should extensive research prove the deviation to be more beneficial and scientifically supported (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). The system at St. Jude is highly supported by having the research institute under the same roof as the patients with the scientists actively involved in the patient plan of care. In addition to these regulations, St. Jude has policies in place to prevent infection spread to patients who are immunocompromised. These include not allowing visitors under the age of 12, screening for illness prior to visiting, proper hand-washing education, and not allowing visitors who have recently received the nasal flu vaccine or oral polio vaccine within the past four weeks. These policies ensure the safet y and overall well-being of their patients (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). The organization of St. Jude Childrens Hospital is based on the vision of founder Danny Thomas to create a hospital treating children with catastrophic diseases so no child has to die in the dawn of life (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). In partnering with ALSAC, Danny Thomas was able to obtain funding necessary to create this hospital from the ground up and work to create an environment welcoming to all who enter. His vision included a hospital where children didnt feel threatened by care providers, where doctors and researchers ate alongside of patients, a hospital where patients were allowed to continue their childhood while battling catastrophic diseases (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). According to Henry Mintzberg, an organization can consist of a maximum of six parts including the strategic apex (top management), the middle line (middle managers), the operating core (primary workers), the technostructure (workers who standardize and improve work), the support staff (those who work outside of the primary flow), and the ideology (beliefs, traditions, norms, values, and culture) (Value Based Management, 2010). The following diagram depicts the Mintzberg organizational structure of St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital and is explained below. (Proven Models, 2010) The strategic apex of St. Jude consists of the Boards of Directors and Governors for ALSAC-St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital. The Board is responsible for governing the organizations by establishing policies and objectives, selecting, appointing, supporting, and reviewing the performance of the Chief Executive Officers, insuring the availability of adequate financial resources, approving annual budgets and strategic planning, and accounting for the ethics, compliance, and performance of the organizations (St. Jude Childrens Research Hospital, 2010). Below them St. Jude has the middle line operations consisting of the Chief Executive Officers, Senior Management Team, and the Executive Committee that directly oversee the operating core. At the heart of the hospital are the operating core of physicians, research and development team, advanced practice nurses, nurses, certified nursing assistants, child life specialists, psychologists, and families who collaborate to provide adequate family-centered care. The Support Staff of St. Jude consist of ALSAC as the primary fundraising organization, the administrative body, the environmental service employees, the cafeteria, the public relations department helping advocate for ALSAC fundraising endeavors, the Target, Grizzly, and Ronald McDonald houses and staff people, the ethical and legal committees, and volunteers who help throughout the hospital. The technostructure of St. Jude consists of the specially named Faculty and Adjunct Faculty that standardize research in collaboration with care provided to patients. It also includes the external advisory boards that help to standardize protocols and ensure they are accessible and clearly stated to be shared worldwide. St. Jude has a surprisingly large technostructure of employees who work to standardize care throughout the hospital with regard to uniqueness of each patient in the research studies. Any deviations from standardized care are backed through the research cond ucted on the St. Jude campus. Because of this, the hospital would be classified as a Machine Bureaucracy that has all components present and strong in their functioning and enactment towards the campus. The nursing role that will specifically be analyzed is the role of the Pediatric Acute Care Nurse Practitioner. Unfortunately, this role is not currently available at St. Jude Childrens Hospital and therefore no specific job description or title is available for the specific role at St. Jude. According to the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners (NAPNAP), the Pediatric Acute Care Nurse Practitioner (PNP-AC) would function to provide direct patient care management, perform in-depth physical assessments, interpret lab and diagnostic tests, order mediations, and perform therapeutic treatments for children who are acutely, chronically, and critically ill (NAPNAP, 2005). The PNP-AC would be licensed as a registered nurse in the United States with a graduate degree in nursing through an accredited program, and certified by the Pediatric Nurse Certification Board as a Certified Pediatric Nurse Practitioner Acute Care (PNCB, 2010). To become certified one must meet certain competencies and pass a board examination that meets the National Council of State Boards of Nursing APRN criteria (PNCB, 2010). To maintain certification, one must complete continuing education hours and/or re-certification every three to five years, or as deemed by the organization and state board of nursing (PNCB, 2010). The role of the PNP-AC would fall within the operating core of the hospital. They would work in collaboration with other Physicians and Researchers at St. Jude to create a comprehensive plan of care for the patients. This would keep everyone working towards the same goal and ensure overall patient well-being. They would also work with the nurses, nursing assistants, child life specialists, and other therapists to keep them informed of progress or hardships the patient may encounter, and help them understand the cares that need to be provided to ensure success of treatment protocols. They would also work with unit managers and nursing directors should problems or questions arise. They will be able to consult with the middle line management or technostructure personnel should questions or concerns arise. They would also work with varying support staff members for outreach, dietary consults and education-oriented tasks. This role would directly interact with patients and families throug h their everyday tasks. They may do outreach into the community, and conduct education for consumers and payers on current advances the hospital is making. They would also indirectly work with human resources and the finance department to obtain their paycheck. The role of the PNP-AC is very autonomous in impacting patient care and outcomes. They can diagnose and treat conditions, prescribe medications, obtain necessary consults and interpret results of ordered tests. They would oversee the progress of care and intervene should any alarming findings be made in response to the protocol under study. The role would be strong in the sense that they are an autonomous and an independent member of the healthcare delivery team that is capable of providing a high-level of care to patients. They have strong patient interaction skills and a comprehensive knowledge of care that should be provided by the nurses. They are best able to understand the role of the nurse and delegate appropriate tasks to other members of the healthcare team. The role weaknesses include the chance that they may not be as highly respected as physicians or physician assistants, and the lack of advanced training specifically in pathology and the physiology like physicians and ph ysician assistants often have. Overall, the role of the PNP-AC would be a highly functioning advanced practice role that can provide comprehensive and thorough care to his or her patients and work as a productive member of the healthcare delivery team. Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-68918257564057131062020-01-19T08:56:00.001-08:002020-01-19T08:56:02.428-08:00French and idian war EssayThe French and Indian War alter the political, economic, and ideological relations between the Britain and its colonies by being in debt that lead to tax laws, mercantilism and the way people felt about Britainââ¬â¢s control over its colonies. ***After the French and Indian War, the colonizing of the North America changed greatly. The English took over most of the North America land. English colonies had dominated the new world(Doc. A). This took a toll on the political relationship between the American colonists and Britain because this lead to the Proclamation of 1763. Britain believed they owned every land that they touched and this made conflict with the Native Americans. The Native Americans believed that they ââ¬Å"had no right to settleâ⬠and they must â⬠insist on removing themâ⬠(Doc A). The Britain created the Proclamation of 1763 thinking of decreasing the conflict but this added on to resentment in colonistsââ¬â¢ hearts. ***Some political changes that included Britainââ¬â¢s abandonment were their salutary neglect policy. After the French and Indian War, England was seriously in debt and needed new ways to increase their status. England began to regulate trade and create tax laws on commonly used items. Even though Britain made these changes to ââ¬Ëincrease in territoryâ⬠(Doc F), the colonists felt as if they were treated unfairly. *** Since of the taxation, the colonists and Britainââ¬â¢s relationship decreased rapidly. Some Acts that the Britain created forced the Americans to ship their raw materials to Britain and also buy the finish products only from their mother land. This encountered mercantilism which made Britain rich. At this point, colonists were fed up and decided to fight back. The Stamp Act was the last straw for the colonists. As Benjamin Franklin claims, the colonists wanted to ââ¬Å"set it repealââ¬â¢dââ¬â¢ which meant the colonists were eager to put a stop in Britainââ¬â¢s footsteps. As the colonists practiced non- consumption and non- importation and boycotted destroyed the economic relationship between the Britain and its American colonies even more. ***Colonial ideological values changed enormously toward the Britain because of their greed and the colonists proven that they could unite as one during their boycotting rival and stand up for what they believed in. As a soldier wrote, ââ¬Å"we are debarred Englishmenââ¬â¢s libertyâ⬠(Doc D). From this dairy, this showed that Americans had resentment in their hearts toward Britain. ***Britainââ¬â¢s greed of land, controllment, and royalty destroyed many relationships along the way. The Native Americans feelings toward Britain were if they shouldââ¬â¢ve not been there in the first place. The American colonies felt as if Britain needed a stop in their footsteps and unite as one to fight off Britainââ¬â¢s crown. Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-25850145464627985062020-01-11T05:19:00.001-08:002020-01-11T05:19:04.672-08:00Ankle SprainAn Ankle Sprain of a Female Colligate Basketball Player Objective: To introduce a case study about a mild ankle sprain. Background: The most common way to sprain an ankle in basketball is to step on someone elseââ¬â¢s foot, or to plant and to turn the wrong way. Differential Diagnosis: Could be an injury to the deltoid ligament, CF, or the ATF ligament. Treatment: Ice, High volt, Theraband, Towel scrunches, Towel stretches, Whirlpool Conclusion: Rehab will help her get her strength back in her ankle as long she continues to work hard. Keywords: Ankle sprain, High volt, Medial and Lateral Malleolus Objective The ankle joint is the most commonly injured part of the lower leg. It happens from an unusual twisting action when the foot is planted awkwardly or when running on uneven ground. An unbearable amount of force is placed on the joint itself. Such injuries occur all the time in athletics or just by running. The ankle is made up of bones, tendons, and ligaments. The major bone of the lower leg is the tibia; it holds most of the bodyââ¬â¢s weight. It is made up part of the medial malleolus, which consist of the inside up hump of the ankle. The fibula is the next largest of the ankle bone in the lower leg. It forms the lower leg end form the lateral malleolus, the outer hump of the ankle. The smallest ankle bone is the talus which completely makes up the bone on the top of the foot. The tendons connect the muscle to the bones. There are several muscles that help control motion at the ankle. The tendon connects one or more of the bones to the foot. Tendons can be stretch to torn when a great amount of tension is placed upon it. They can also be pulling away from the bone, such as the Achilles tendon rupture. Ligaments provide connections between the bones. Ligaments are mostly sprained. The ankle has many bones that comes together to form the joint. The most commonly injured ligament is the anterior talofibular ligament that connects the front of the fibula to the talus bone on the front outer rim of the ankle joint. Ligaments are sprained when a great than normal force is placed on it. This is done when the foot is inverted most of the time. This happens when the foot is awkwardly planted or is stepped upon during activities. Stepping in a surface that is irregular, such as in an athletic event when one player steps on another player foot a sprain can result. Background A twenty-one year old female, basketball player experienced an ankle sprain by accidentally stepping on another playerââ¬â¢s foot. The player was going up to make a shot landed on the opponents foot when she came back down, which made her ankle invert. The head athletic trainer evaluated her then taped her ankle to provide support and keep the swelling to a minimum at that time, so the player could return to play. Immediately after the game, the playerââ¬â¢s ankle was iced down to control the swelling and was receiving NSAIDââ¬â¢s to help with the pain or discomfort she was feeling. The player was referred to the team physician for x-rays and MRI to help rule out fractures. Treatment was started to help relieving the swelling and pain. Treatment In the first couple of days of rehab, she received high volt, and ice to help with the swelling she also did ankle pumps that also help with moving out the inflammation. As each day went by, towel scrunches, towel stretches were performed as three set each. Compression pumps were administered for 15 minutes several times a week, rhythmic stabilization, and aquatic therapeutic exercises were added as she got closer to the sub acute phase. The sub acute phases are about six days to until six weeks. In this stage she was allowed to jog straight ahead, trying wide figure-eight at first. Eventually the player was either on the bike or the stair stepper for 10 minutes a day. After the bike she was moved to the shuttle press with four cords, and three sets of ten, after the shuttle she did calf raises. The farther she progressed, the whirlpool was introduced, and both hot and cold water. Two set of tens, in all four directions using Therband was the next step of treatment; ultrasound was done to help break up scar tissue that had started to form. As her ROM improved along with other tests, she was moving closer to the return to play phase. The return to play phase this is when functional test and sport specific drill can be started. Functional testing is important along with continuing with other exercises and modalities. She moved to three set of fifteen with a Therband in all direction, hot pack assisted with high volt was added. Following the Therband the shuttle with the dynadisc, doing three set of fifteen along with four cords, she also did towel scrunches five times; wobble board, marbles and exercise. ROM exercise was done to increase plantar flexion and dorsiflexion. Differential Diagnosis There are many kinds of ankle injuries that can be present in variety of ways. The calcaneocuboid joint injury is a kind of inversion ankle sprain that involves the ligament overlying that joint. Which cause immediate swelling, pain and tenderness to the touch? The pain is localized to that region of the joint. The deltoid ligament resists abduction and lateral rotation of the ankle. However sudden forceful motion of the ankle may tear the ligament or stress it. The ligament may avulse that is attacked to the malleolus; a vast majority of case, there will be a tear through the ligament. The tear could be associated with compression of the talar joint. There could be an injury also to the ATFL and the CF ligament. Conclusion The player went through all the appropriate phases to get back in to the return to play phase. She will continue to do rehab so that her ankle with improve and get stronger. Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-28780430878501449092020-01-03T01:43:00.001-08:002020-01-03T01:43:04.040-08:00Defining and Understanding Literacy Simply put, literacy is the ability to read and write in at least one language. So just about everyone in developed countries is literate in the basic sense. In her book The Literacy Wars,à Ilana Snyder argues that there is no single, correct view of literacy that would be universally accepted. There are a number of competing definitions, and these definitions are continually changing and evolving. The following quotes raise several issues about literacy, its necessity, its power, and its evolution. Observations on Literacy Literacy is a human right, a tool of personal empowerment and a means for social and human development. Educational opportunities depend on literacy. Literacy is at the heart of basic education for all and essential for eradicating poverty, reducing child mortality, curbing population growth, achieving gender equality and ensuring sustainable development, peace, and democracy., Why Is Literacy Important? UNESCO, 2010The notion of basic literacy is used for the initial learning of reading and writing, which adults who have never been to school need to go through. The term functional literacy is kept for the level of reading and writing that adults are thought to need in a modern complex society. Use of the term underlines the idea that although people may have basic levels of literacy, they need a different level to operate in their day-to-day lives., David Barton, Literacy: An Introduction to the Ecology of Written Language,à 2006To acquire literacy is more than to psychologically and mechanically dominate reading and writing techniques. It is to dominate those techniques in terms of consciousness; to understand what one reads and to write what one understands: It is to communicate graphically. Acquiring literacy does not involve memorizing sentences, words or syllables, lifeless objects unconnected to an existential universe, but rather an attitude of creation and re-creation, a self-transformation producing a stance of intervention in ones context., Paulo Freire, Education for Critical Consciousness, 1974There is hardly an oral culture or a predominantly oral culture left in the world today that is not somehow aware of the vast complex of powers forever inaccessible without literacy., Walter J. Ong, Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word,à 1982 Women and Literacy Joan Acocella, in a New Yorker review of the book The Woman Reader by Belinda Jack, had this to say in 2012: In the history of women, there is probably no matter, apart from contraception, more important than literacy. With the advent of the Industrial Revolution, access to the power required knowledge of the world. This could not be gained without reading and writing, skills that were granted to men long before they were to women. Deprived of them, women were condemned to stay home with the livestock or, if they were lucky, with the servants. (Alternatively, they may have been the servants.) Compared with men, they led mediocre lives. In thinking about wisdom, it helps to read about wisdom, about Solomon or Socrates or whomever. Likewise, goodness and happiness and love. To decide whether you have them or want to make the sacrifices necessary to get them, it is useful to read about them. Without such introspection, women seemed stupid; therefore, they were considered unfit for education; therefore, they werenââ¬â¢t given an education; therefore they seemed stupid.à A New Definition? Barry Sanders, in A Is for Ox: Violence, Electronic Media, and the Silencing of the Written Word (1994), makes a case for a changing definition of literacy in the technological age. We need a radical redefinition of literacy, one that includes a recognition of the vital importance that morality plays in shaping literacy. We need a radical redefinition of what it means for society to have all the appearances of literacy and yet to abandon the book as its dominant metaphor. We must understand what happens when the computer replaces the book as the prime metaphor for visualizing the self.It is important to remember that those who celebrate the intensities and discontinuities of postmodern electronic culture in print write from an advanced literacy. That literacy provides them the profound power of choosing their ideational repertoire. No such choice or power is available to the illiterate young person subjected to an endless stream of electronic images. Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-26430427099535257562019-12-25T22:08:00.001-08:002019-12-25T22:08:03.782-08:00The Pressure to Be Perfect - 4326 Words The Bell Jar and Black Swan: The Pressure to be Perfect In a society where competition among others and influences from the media are becoming increasingly prevalent by the decade, it is easy for one to feel the extreme pressure to be perfect. Many individuals face the internal conflict of feeling that they are not adequate enough for various personal or societal standards, often leading to unhealthy insecurities, mental and emotional instabilities, and identity crises. Firstly, societyââ¬â¢s reminders to individuals to reach a superficial level of perfection create unhealthy stress within oneself, leading to progressive depression. Furthermore, the even harsher mental and emotional pressures put on by oneââ¬â¢s loved ones accumulate to causeâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦It is the feeling of not being good enough for the world that crushes her self-esteem and will to succeed, as later on she begins to contemplate harming her body and even committing suicide. The protagonist in Black Swan, prima ballerina Nina Sayers, faces a similar ignition to her mental instabilities through the pressures of society. In this case, Nina is naturally a perfectionist who tries to strive in the highly competitive ballet industry, which takes a huge toll on her physically, mentally, and emotionally. It is evident that throughout the course of Ninaââ¬â¢s training for her big debut as Swan Queen in the ballet companyââ¬â¢s annual production, she is obsessed with the idea of perfection to live up to societyââ¬â¢s expectations of what a prima ballerina should be. When the former prima ballerina of the company, Beth McIntyre, unexpectedly retires, the director, Thomas Leroy, introduces her to the entire ballet industry at a gala. He announces, ââ¬Å"But as we bid adieu to one star, we welcome another! Were opening our season with my new version of Swan Lake. Taking the role of our new Swan Queen, the exquisite, Nina Sayersâ⬠(Aronofsky). This puts Nina under the spotlight and creates very high stakes for her, possibly ones that are too heavy for such a young girl to handle, as she is now pressured into filling the shoes of a legendary prima ballerina ââ¬â a symbol ofShow MoreRelated The Pressure To Be Perfect Essay725 Words à |à 3 Pages The Pressure to be Perfect In todays competitive society, a person strives for perfection, due to the fact that so much emphasis is placed on ones outer appearance. No matter who we are or where we live, society puts this pressure upon us. 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As 10TV stated, ââ¬Å"When you were 10 or 11, you probably didnââ¬â¢t give much Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-85574416438126315122019-12-17T17:58:00.001-08:002019-12-17T17:58:02.974-08:00Hamlet Pleads Sane - 650 Words Hamlet Pleads Sane William Shakespeareââ¬â¢s play Hamlet is considered to be a great tragedy in the eyes of many. In the play, the protagonist, Hamlet, is on a quest to avenge the death of his father. At the beginning of the play, Hamlet is upset that his mother married his uncle, Claudius, only two months after his fatherââ¬â¢s death. As the story progresses, Hamlet is confronted by King Hamletââ¬â¢s ghost. The ghost informs Hamlet that he was murdered by Claudius. When the ghost asks Hamlet to seek revenge for his murder, Hamlet takes on the task whole-heartedly. Hamletââ¬â¢s actions, in the first half of the play, are rooted in revenge and anger, not madness. I can prove he is not crazy and acts as a normal human, out of curiosity.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Hamletââ¬â¢s interest in the ghost of his father is driven by his need to unveil his fatherââ¬â¢s killer, not that of man who is losing touch with reality. Though these are the reasons why Hamlet follows t he ghost, it is also believed in Elizabethan era that when a ghost appears something is going wrong. As the play progresses, Hamlet admits to Rosencrantz and Guildenstern that although he is acting like a raving lunatic, he still knows and understand what he is doing. This is revealed when Hamlet implies, ââ¬Å"I am but mad north-north-west: when the wind is southerly I know a hack from a handsawâ⬠(2.2.376-377). In other words, Hamlet knows that they have been sent by Claudius to spy on him. This tells us that Hamlet is not crazy, but is acting to reveal the truth of his fatherââ¬â¢s death because he wants to find whether or not Claudius is the killer without any interference and suspicion on him. Though there are plenty of times that Hamlet appears to be mad, there are many logical explanations behind his actions. Hamlet acts out of anger and revenge, but he is not crazy. To this emotion Hamletââ¬â¢s interest in finding information regarding the death of King Hamlet, g rows as a result of the ghost apparition. Hamletââ¬â¢s faà §ade as a madman proves to be a successful means of uncovering the truth about Claudius because it allows him to devise his plan for revenge in peace. So in my opinion Hamlet is notShow MoreRelatedOne Who Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest Comparison to Hamlet583 Words à |à 2 PagesMadness, Power, Rebellion, and Conformity are some of the many themes that prevail in Ken Keseys One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and Hamlet both express similar messages of sanity vs. insanity, control, and compliance through their characters. There is a thin line between normal and abnormal as depicted in Keseys and Shakespeares work. One must ponder the question; is McMurphy mentally ill or is he just a schemer rebelling? The doctor commented, ...Dont overlook the possibility that this manRead MoreHamlet : A Flawed Anti-Tragic Hero1715 Words à |à 7 PagesAristotleââ¬â¢s poetics have long been considered the go-to guide for determining well written ââ¬Å"poetryâ⬠, most notably in comedies and tragedies. 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Hamletââ¬â¢s true nature is unclear throughoutRead MoreInsanity Is Not Insane By William Shakespeare Essay2118 Words à |à 9 Pagespeople who have read the play, ââ¬Å"Hamlet,â⬠they believe Hamlet is insane. There are many different and valid reasons as to why people believe Hamlet is insane. Some of those reasons include seeing and speaking to ghosts, and how he acts around people. There are also many people that say Hamlet is not insane because of things that he says during the story. Some of those reasons are that Hamlet says that he is not insane throug hout the whole play. The play starts with Hamlet coming home from college justRead More Folly in William Shakespeares King Lear Essay2875 Words à |à 12 PagesFolly in William Shakespeares King Lear à à à à In East Coker, T. S. Eliot pleads Do not let me hear / Of the wisdom of old men, but rather of their follyâ⬠¦. (Eliot 185) The folly of old men must surely be a central trope in any discussion of Shakespeares imposing tragic accomplishment, King Lear. Traditional interpretations of the play, drawing on the classical Aristotelian theory of tragedy, have tended to view Lears act of blind folly as hamartia, precipitating the disintegration ofRead MoreCrossing the Chasm76808 Words à |à 308 Pagesof technology is all too often the ââ¬Å"bleeding edge.â⬠Who are the pragmatists? Actually, important as they are, they are hard to characterize because they do not have the visionaryââ¬â¢s penchant for drawing attention to themselves. They are not the Hamlets but the Horatios, not the Don Quixotes but the Sancho Panzas, a character more like the X-Fileââ¬â¢s Dana Scully than Fox Mulder, more like Lethal Weaponââ¬â¢s Sergeant Murtaugh than Martin Riggsââ¬âpeople who do not assert a position in life so much as derive Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 Pages ââ" This page intentionally left blank Introduction The Critical Role of Management Skills No one doubts that the twenty-first century will continue to be characterized by chaotic, transformational, rapid-fire change. In fact, almost no sane person is willing to predict what the world will be like 50, 25, or even 15 years from now. Change is just too rapid and ubiquitous. The development of ââ¬Å"nanobombsâ⬠have caused some people to predict that personal computers and desktop monitors will Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-40616943703774946022019-12-09T14:40:00.001-08:002019-12-09T14:40:05.224-08:00Managing Multinational Global Environment Question: Discuss about theManaging Multinational for Global Environment. Answer: International Challenges and Possible Opportunities for Managers Operating in a Global Environment. International Challenges International marketing has its challenges and companies have realized that there are a lot of challenges when a company goes international. In this paper we are going to analyze the challenges and opportunities that a manager of a multinational company faces when setting up a company in the international markets (Bernaciak, n.d.). Companies have challenges when they are faced with multiple challenges both internal and external. Marketing executives sometimes get it wrong when launching the companys products in other countries, this is because they often think that the needs of the consumer in the foreign country are the same as those in the home country. Challenges Cultural Nuance Advertisement influences consumers to buy products. Companies rely on print and digital media such as magazines to create awareness on a companys goods and services. Most of these advertisements use humor to get the attention of the consumer (Boxall, Purcell, 2016). However, what may be considered funny in one culture may be considered an insult or confusing in other cultures. This is one of the challenges of a manager who is sent in another country because what motivates consumer to buy services and products of a company varies from country to country. Communication Barrier Business executives working in foreign countries find numerous barriers of effective communication. These may slow down the pace of negotiations. For example, Americans often like hurrying through negotiations , while in other countries, they emphasize on building relationships before considering the deal. In some countries, business executives may value more of facial expressions rather than the words. In some cases, there is complete lack of understanding due to the differences in languages therefore needing a translator in some situations (Briscoe, Tarique, Schuler, n.d.). Distance and Time: Even with the emergence of technology such as video conferencing, managers in foreign countries may prefer establishing personal relationships when conducting business. this call for business executives to travel often which may have a huge cost implication especially to small companies. It may also take a lot of time by having business executives out of office for extended periods. Coordination of projects where times there are time zone differences becomes difficult. Another challenge that managers who work in foreign markets encounter is finding trusted partners (Cooke, 2003). When a company wants to sell its products in a foreign country, it must hire trusted sales representatives who are based in the country they want to start selling their goods and products in. Sometimes its difficult to find trusted personnel in the foreign countries which becomes very difficult for the company to operate in. Finding Qualified Personnel This is another major challenge for managers who work in foreign countries. As we know that the success of a company is determined by its human resource, it is critical for the manager to hire competent and skilled workers to work for the company (Hitt, Ireland, Hoskisson, n.d.). In some countries, especially the developing ones, finding skilled personnel may be challenging. For example, finding skilled personnel who can be trusted in carrying out a technical work is challenging enough. Thus the companies are forced to use their resources to train the staff that they intend to hire which is an additional cost to the company. Competition is yet another challenge for multinationals. The manager may find it difficult to compete with already exiting companies (Hitt, Ireland, Hoskisson, n.d.). Consumers prefer services and products of companies that they are already familiar with. It therefore becomes difficult for managers of companies setting up in foreign markets to find the market accepting their products. Opportunities For Multinational companies, it is cheaper to higher labor. Local labor is considered cheap as compared to hiring an expatriate. One executive in Procter and Gamble said that hiring Chinese is equivalent to 1/3 of non Chinese hiring. Cheap raw materials: Mangers of multinationals find themselves producing their goods cheaply because of the availability of raw materials which ia cheap. They also get economies of scale when buying the raw materials. Challenges of International Competition and Expansion to Qantas Airways Qantas Airways is the Australian flag carrier and the largest by the fleet number in Australia, international destinations and international flights (Heidenreich, 2012). The organization was founded in 1920 and is the third oldest airline globally having almost a century in operation. But despite the rich history and the success written in its history, Qantas Airways has struggled in recent years and the flying kangaroo has had it rough for the last couple of years. The airline is based in Sydney, Australia and carries at least 14% of all passengers flying in and out of the country. Competitiveness in the Systemic Approach: Levels of Systemic Competitiveness. According to each level of the systemic approach and thanks to the interaction between all of them, I will focus the present work from the Micro level in order to see how the requirement of greater efficiency of the companies is a fundamental part of the competitiveness "To know is to compete with advantage" The most significant change in competitiveness of the company is the entry of other budgeted airlines operating in Australia. Many of the companies that are entering the aviation industry have come to change the dynamics of aviation in the country. Many of these young airlines are owned by billionaires and companies with a lot of liquidity thus making it easier to finance their entrance with penetration ease into the market (Papadopoulos, 2010). Qantas has had it very rough during the financial down turn which was global. The world economic slump affected all the nations but ultimately companies with a bigger global outlook took a bigger hit than smaller companies. Aviation industry was affected the most with stock shares plummeting. Qantas shares shed a 51%, a significant part of their capital was lost (Heidenreich, 2012). Shareholders lost a lot of value and money worth during the period. With these turn of event, the company has hard to go slow on their expansion strategies. There are other factors affecting the organizations ability to compete. Airlines such as fly emirates and KLM have come to compete for the same number of customers that were originally served by only Qantas airways. With reduced prices and better services, the two have been able to take over the international routes that were once a stable of Qantas. Qantas started to concentrate on domestic routes that it is dominating (Sjursen, 2000). The other challenge faced by Qantas is the staff turnover especially the skilled pilots and engineers who are running to seek better pay in international companies. Expansion has become so difficult due to the inability of Qantas to have a lot of cash for expansion. Mismanagement by the companies executive has also led to the airline struggling and the reason for its inability to go global. Consequently, world oil prices have risen in the recent past (Papadopoulos, 2010). Operational cost of most airlines in non OPEC countries, Australia included went up. High operational costs means that the company will earn little profits assuming the revenues remain relatively the same. Qantas has had the same fate in grappling with operational cost. Give your personal view of how some of the conflict generating and solutions could have been handled in a more effective process. While solving conflict generating issues and coming up with solutions, the following process must be followed in order to effectively generate solutions. The approach is started by; identifying issues concisely and clearly (Sjursen, 2000). The issues raised in this case are the challenges that affect Qantas Airways from expanding and competing internationally. The second approach is based on generating options. The solution to this problem is for the government to intervene. As a national carrier, the government must come to terms that its national glory of the airline is fast fading. Australian government must carry out proper feasibility test and find proper solutions to the airline. It needs to inject additional cash, to enable the company to get ways to start competing. Cash inflow is not the only solution (Sullivan, 2002). Hiring of competent staff and management to steer the company to the next level is fundamental. Strategies to win the war with competitors will be upped. Qantas has had it very rough during the financial down turn which was global. The world economic slump affected all the nations but ultimately companies with a bigger global outlook took a bigger hit than smaller companies. Dropping prices just to win of customers will be a step towards the right direction. It will attract a lot of customers back. The last step is to make available decision which is effective for the growth of the company (Gooderham, Nordhaug, 2005). Qantas Airways should hire the best consultants locally and internationally to come up with the best strategy for beating off competition.. High operational costs means that the company will earn little profits assuming the revenues remain relatively the same. Qantas has had the same fate in grappling with operational cost. Problem solving solutions have two basic parts that are conflict diagnosis and development of alternative solutions (Expansion of top level domains and its effect on competition, 2010). Qantas has an expansion and competition problem which should be solved by mutually acceptable solutions. Other strategies include expanding the pie or the base of operation, creating new interests to satisfy the market and making Qantas a world class Airline to compete with its peers globally. References Bernaciak, M.Market expansion and social dumping in Europe. Boxall, P., Purcell, J. (2016).Strategy and human resource management. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan education. Briscoe, D., Tarique, I., Schuler, R.International human resource management. Cooke, W. (2003).Multinational companies and global human resource strategies. Westport, Conn.: Quorum Books. Expansion of top level domains and its effect on competition. (2010). Washington. Gooderham, P., Nordhaug, O. (2005).International management. Malden, Mass. [u.a.]: Blackwell Publ. Haugen, D., Mach, R. (2010).Globalization. Detroit: Greenhaven Press. Heidenreich, M. (2012).Innovation and institutional embeddedness of multinational companies. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Hitt, M., Ireland, R., Hoskisson, R.Strategic management. Mattes, J. (2011).Innovation in Multinational Companies. Frankfurt: Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften. Papadopoulos, A. (2010).The international dimension of EU competition law and policy. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Sjursen, K. (2000).Globalization. Bronx, N.Y.: H.W. Wilson Co. Sullivan, J. (2002).The future of corporate globalization(1st ed.). Westport, Conn.: Quorum Books. Waters, M. (2001).Globalization. London: Routledge. Zheng, C. (2010).People management challenges to multinational companies in Asia. Hauppauge, N.Y.: Nova Science. Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-49721477505258226552019-12-02T02:23:00.001-08:002019-12-02T02:23:02.937-08:00Why did Khrushchev Fail free essay sample A study of the economic, social, political and personal problems which condemned Khrushchev to failure. This essay discusses the different factors which caused Khrushchev to fail in many of his policies his quick-fix solutions and hare-brained scheming, internal opposition from powerful vested interests, and international opposition from the United States and China. However, it also argues that there was one underlying problem which prevented him from finding success: the legacy of Stalin. Of the leading contenders vying to take over from Stalin as leader of the Soviet Union, Khrushchev was perhaps best suited for the job. He had been less involved in the Purges of the 1930s than Malenkov, Molotov and Beria, and was the only member of the Party Presidium who had any experience in agriculture, which was probably the area of Soviet life most desperately in need of reform. However, it was a formidable task; he had inherited a crippled regime, which had survived to this date only through the terror of Stalin. We will write a custom essay sample on Why did Khrushchev Fail? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Any serious attempt at reform would undermine the socialist system itself; all of the Party leadership would be implicated if any criticism was made of the previous decades. Furthermore, although Khrushchev attained enough power to initiate reform, he often found himself unable to implement it successfully, due to pressures from within the Party. Thus, the Khrushchev era was one of half-measures and contradictions, sweeping reforms without the means to carry them out, and, almost inevitably, failure. When Khrushchev was ousted from office in 1964, charged with harebrained scheming, hasty conclusions, rash decisions, and actions based on wishful thinking , there were few aspects of Soviet life in which he could claim significant success. Nevertheless, any criticism has its limits; the Soviet Union was certainly in a better state than when he had inherited it; moreover, the failures of Soviet leaders post-Khrushchev highlight the near impossibility of his task. Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-42777478699359149282019-11-26T21:52:00.001-08:002019-11-26T21:52:03.417-08:00Orange Is The New Black Professor Ramos BlogOrange Is The New Black Orange Is The New Black Womenââ¬â¢s prisons are gaining fame in a new way. ââ¬Å"Orange Is the New Blackâ⬠made its premier on Netflix in 2013 as a comedy-drama series. It is based on real life events from a book called ââ¬Å"My Year in a Womanââ¬â¢s Prisonâ⬠written by Piper Kerman. Even though this show is hysterical, it still focuses on the real-life issues such as; privilege, the disadvantaged, and mental illness. Many series donââ¬â¢t often involve woman and the prison system. I think itââ¬â¢s nice to see what could possibly go on in there. Orange Is The New Black has just entered its 6th season, making that 78 episodes. With the production being in New York, The creator Jenji Kohan has found a lot of raw talent that have made a huge impact when portraying these characters. Chapman is a main character in the beginning who is being sentenced to 15 months in Litchfield Prison for criminal conspiracy and money laundering. She is well-educated, white, and a narcissist. Chapman is based on the book author, Piper Kerman, who was sentenced to a womanââ¬â¢s minimum-security prison. The writers of this show have made it clear that authorities have become very fond of her. Making her sentence feel a little lighter than the rest of the inmates. It could be that ââ¬Å"white privilegeâ⬠comes into to play, considering the fact that she has been granted many things that those of color cannot get. The inmates see that she is being favored which makes her presence unwanted. She soon tries to make amends meet with a powerful prisoner by giving her a gift. But in order to make this gift she needs shea butter. Chapman is introduced to a character that goes by the name of ââ¬Å"Taysteeâ⬠. Chapman trades a lock of her blond hair for Taysteeââ¬â¢s shea butt er in hopes of this chaotic drama ending. Taystee wears the blond lock of hair with confidence, as she was looking for a new hairstyle. Taysteeââ¬â¢s character is one that a lot of young troubled girls can relate to. She has been in and out of the system all her life. She was put into foster care at birth and remained a ward of the court until she was 16. She met a woman name ââ¬Å"Veeâ⬠who was a notorious drug dealer. Taystee always wanted a mother figure in her life and Vee was the closes thing to that. Taystee wasnââ¬â¢t free from the foster system for too long as she ended up in juvenile hall then prison. It is clear that the writers wanted to emphasized the fact that Taystee prefers the system structure rather than freedom. But quite frankly thatââ¬â¢s all sheââ¬â¢s known. With such a hectic life all she wants is to settle down and find a purpose in life like the rest of us. In prison she has her life set as she is the librarian and has a best friend to always rely on. Things were fine in her life th en boom! The writers wanted to make her life more upsetting. As Taystee loses her friend to a murder committed by an authority figure. It looked like no one would be getting charged for this crime, Of course no one would be charged, right? Have you seen todayââ¬â¢s society! Emotions run high within her circle of friends. One particular friend, who has mental health issues, takes it to the heart. At this point everythingââ¬â¢s going haywire in the script! ââ¬Å"Crazy Eyesâ⬠aka Suzanne is her name. Many characters in the story show signs of mental illness. This is an actual problem in our system. Many prisoners should belong in treatment facilities to get the actual help they need. Orange Is The New Black definitely shows the reality of these issues. The actor Uzo Aduba who plays Suzanne does an amazing job at getting every little detail right. Suzanne is one of the main characters who portrays an inmate that is very intelligent but lacks in social skills and can burst out with emotion at any second. She hits herself on the head when she thinks sheââ¬â¢s done something wrong while repeatedly saying ââ¬Å"stupidâ⬠. Her antipsychotic medication helps her but only to an extent. Her mentality is that of a six-year-old, which is what landed her in prison. With prison going wild, Suzanne is put in a terrifying position by a guard who tried to make her fight another inmate. This scene is intense while Suzanne is going insane trying to control her emotions. And the outcome is not pretty. Suzanne gets involved when a murder takes place resolving from this situation. She doesnââ¬â¢t tell anyone in fear of having the blame put on her. But can she keep it in for long? Sheââ¬â¢s slowly losing her mind from not taking her medication that cannot be provided to her due to the fact that there is a huge riot going on. She is left with trauma, not knowing what the future holds. It makes you wonder if this really goes on in there. Do guards really abuse those that are mentally unstable for their own satisfaction? Because a lot of abuse goes on in this show. With all of the sex, drugs, riots and drama going on, itââ¬â¢s no wonder why this became such an instant hit on Netflix. But what Piper Kerman wanted from this experience is to be some sort of advocate for womanââ¬â¢s prison. With woman being a fast-growing population of the prison system, a majority of the female inmates are being mistreated. Using her privilege to bring some light to the prisons poor conditions such as; not giving the right supplies to woman and shackling up the new mothers-to-be during labor and delivery. I donââ¬â¢t think Piperââ¬â¢s voice is loud enough to be heard, but itââ¬â¢s a start. Sad news about this story is that it will be coming to an end. Season 7 will be its final premier in 2019 after running its course for 6 years. Chapman, Taystee, and Suzanne have a complete new twist in the upcoming season that will change their lives forever. Will you be watching it? work cited: vulture.com By: Gwynne Watkins June 5, 2014 aclu.org By: Monifa Bandele October 23, 2017 tv.avclub.com By: Myles McNutt July 27, 2018 variety.com orangeisthenewblack.fandom.com Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-25239019134203731212019-11-23T05:26:00.001-08:002019-11-23T05:26:03.393-08:00Need a Professional EssayNeed a Professional Essay Need a Professional Essay If you are puzzled with the assignment of essay writing you have to complete and you do not know where to find any help in accomplishing your consuming task, you are welcome to order a professional essay within our essay assistance service. We take orders dealing with any topic, with any level demanded as our team consists of highly qualified and widely experienced writers who their work from A to Z. 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All this information is going to help you a lot and to support you while trying to write any essay by yourself. Read also: Reconstruction Term Paper Outline for a Term Paper How to Write a Term Paper Great Term Paper Example of Term Paper Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-72891335967455880482019-11-21T04:17:00.001-08:002019-11-21T04:17:11.080-08:00International law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1International law - Assignment Example A case in point is the International Criminal Court (ICC) that, as Jones argue, has in most instances failed to deliver justice to victims of genocide, atrocities, war crimes, and serious cases of human rights violations (Jones 1). The ICC, formed in 2002, is a watchdog against the violation of human rights, because the United Nations (UN) founded it to punish crimes against humanity (Balasco 48). Because it is an international body, the court should serve the whole world without fear or biased approaches to delivering verdicts. The paper presents an argument suggesting the flaws in the judicial system at ICC that seems to derail justice to victims. Through the argument, the paper justifies whether victims get justice in the process or not. It presents recommendations on the most appropriate strategies that are viable to promote effectiveness of the ICC. In justification, the paper reflects on some of the events in the history of the court to establish whether victims of genocide, atrocities, war crimes, and serious cases of human rights violations had justice. During spring in 1994, there was genocide in Rwanda that led to the killing of nearly 10 percent of its population. The outbreak of the genocide relates to the ethnic clashes with established roots in the existence of a tension-filled political arena. At the time, there was tension following the disappearance of the Rwandese president of the Hutu community. The events that followed led to the mass killings that lasted about six months. The killings did not happen incidentally but were results of well draw plans to eliminate one community in the country. The six months led to other crimes against humanity similar to the events of 1993 in Europe in the reign of the former Yugoslavian rule (Barnett 1). The events in Rwanda prompted the UN to form a tribunal that would seek justice for the people affected by the Rwandese genocide. Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-11754241209720701492019-11-19T18:47:00.001-08:002019-11-19T18:47:03.789-08:00Analytical Paper Assignment (Syria and Ukraine) EssayAnalytical Paper Assignment (Syria and Ukraine) - Essay Example This paper discloses the current conflicts in Syria and Ukraine. It describes the roles of the main leading countries in these conflicts. The past events in Syria and Ukraine prove that imperialism is no longer relevant. It is no longer easier for powerful countries to increase their power by exercising control over the rest of the world. America, for instance, prefers not to intervene in the military actions of Syria mainly because they want to maintain a neutral stance, and projects a good international policy of not meddling in the affairs of other nations. The American foreign policy is such that it justifies military action if there is substantial evidence that the countries such as Syria and Ukraine pose a threat to world security. The Ukrainian geopolitical realities are quite different, indicating likely risks of cold war. There is also likelihood of power rivalry. The international law viewpoint considers Syria and Ukraine as trying to make an ambiguous case in trying to declare their sovereignty, the west thinks, yet there is a legal act that that has is valid from 60 years ago (Kristof 27). The self-determination remains inapplicable because its exercise would fragment an existing state-Ukraine. The same nation was a member of United Nations. Such world orders are now challenged by such functional considerations as climate change, sustainability, and weapons of mass destruction-and by normative contemplation connected with equity, human rights and survival of species (Cooper p29). Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-7462120163287254192019-11-17T07:19:00.001-08:002019-11-17T07:19:08.083-08:00Assess the advantages of job specialisation Essay Example for Free Assess the advantages of job specialisation Essay 1. Terminology Job Definition Job definitions in practice are usually only applied to low level manual and clerical jobs, at more senior levels there are usually greater degrees of own job making. There is a school of thought that suggests newly appointed staff ought to know exactly what their duties are in detail. The suggestion is that this higher degree of definition (or specification) helps to motivate employees by letting them know exactly what is expected of them. Others schools of thought are that, far from being motivating a high level of job definition acts to control peoples behaviour and sets minimum performance standards. Job Specialisation Job specialisation is typically a feature of bureaucratic organisations where there is an implied clear-cut division of labour and a high level of specialisation; this is especially relevant to both knowledge jobs and jobs of a manual or clerical nature. After general training some workers e.g. doctors may become gynaecologists, assembly line workers may specialise in fitting car tyres whilst others fit doors, therefore they become a specialist. The design of the organisation relates to what types of jobs should be created and how narrow and specialised they should be. Advantages of job specialisation would be: * Job holders can develop enormous skill in performing a narrowly defined and specified task * Job specialisation typically means that less work time is lost in switching from one job to another * Specialised equipment to increase productivity can be more easily developed in highly specified jobs * Training people for specialised jobs is relatively easy Disadvantages of job specialisation would be: * Boredom is a problem. Workers often get little satisfaction from the job and feel no pride in carrying out trivial tasks * Workers with highly specialised jobs often have high levels of absenteeism and job dissatisfaction and may quit more readily or develop antagonistic relationships with their superiors Once jobs have been designed, organisations must then group the jobs into logical units. At upper levels of an organisation, the groups may be called divisions, product groups or units. At middle and lower levels, they are usually called departments. Departmentalisation is the basis on which jobs are grouped together within an organisation. Another form of grouping is by product. This is a popular structural form in large organisations having a wide range of products or services. In the National Health Service, for example, the key groups of employees medical, nursing, paramedical and hotel services are dispersed according to the service they provide, e.g. maternity, orthopaedic, surgical, psychiatric etc. The advantage of a product organisation is that it facilitates co-ordination and integration, speeds up decision making and eases assessment of units performance. Disadvantages of this type of organisation are that there is some duplication of effort in the various functional areas and managers tend to focus narrowly on their product responsibilities rather than the overall organisation. Hierarchical Structure Hierarchy refers to the number of levels to be found in an organisation. In a company that has a flat organisation structure there are relatively few levels between the lowest and highest levels of authority. A hierarchy is the pattern of reporting relationships between individuals in positions throughout an organisation. The hierarchy has two purposes; to specify which positions are responsible for which areas of operation and to specify the authority of different positions relative to one another. Authority is the power created and granted by the organisation. Organisations must decide how authority is to be distributed among various positions, levels and departments. The process of distributing authority between managers and subordinates is known as delegation. Delegation is a three step process between a manager and one or more subordinates. 1) Assigning responsibility 2) Granting authority 3) Creating accountability Many managers are reluctant to delegate because they dont know how to do so or they feel threatened by a subordinate who performs well. Organisations need to help managers decide how much responsibility to delegate and to overcome the threat of being overshadowed. Decisions about how to distribute authority throughout an organisation result in decentralisation or centralisation. Decentralisation is the systematic delegation and responsibility to middle and lower levels of an organisation. Centralisation is the systematic retention of power and responsibility at higher levels of an organisation. Decentralisation and centralisation are the opposite ends of a continuum. Most firms are relatively more decentralised or relatively more centralised. Centralisation generally allows top managers to exercise control over the organisation, however, it also slows decision making and constrains innovation. Decentralisation distributes control more evenly throughout the organisation. It also tends to speed decision making and make the organisation more flexible and responsive. However, decentralisation allows more opportunities for errors in decision making. The decision to decentralise or centralise is influenced by the organisations environment, size and economic performance. Span of Control Delegation is essentially a power-sharing process in which individual managers transfer part of their legitimate authority to subordinates / team leaders, but without passing on their own ultimate responsibility for the completion of the overall task which has been entrusted to them by their own superiors. The reasons for delegation are mainly practical, but some are idealistic. Practical reasons include: * Senior managers can be relieved of less important, or less immediate, responsibilities in order to concentrate on more important duties * Delegation enables decisions to be taken nearer to the point of impact, and without the delays caused by frequent reference upwards * Delegation gives managers the opportunity to experience decision making and the consequences of their decisions * Delegation encourages managers to learn how to cope with responsibility * Delegation enables organisations to meet changing conditions more flexibly, especially at the boundaries of their system Idealistic reasons for delegation include: * Delegation is a good thing for individual growth, and contributes to staff morale * Delegation is the sine qua non of empowerment (Peter, 1988) * Delegation helps to enrich individuals jobs and humanises work. Most organisations find the need to delegate forced on them by circumstances, especially the pressures on managers to concentrate on environmental issues rather than on internal problems. However, the best practice is to be found in organisations that use delegation positively as an important employee motivator as well as a means of facilitating effective decision-making throughout the organisation. One of the major questions which has to be faced when considering the practical aspects of delegation is how many subordinates, or team members, can be managed effectively by any one manager or supervisor. This is the classical management issue of the so-called span of control, i.e. the number of employees reporting directly to one person. The term span of control refers to the number of subordinates that an individual manages or controls and for whose work that person is responsible. In tall hierarchical organisations an individual employee may have a wide span of control. In contrast in a teamwork structure the span of control may be narrow or may not exist at all. Within an organisation, the span of control bears an inverse relationship to the number of layers of hierarchy, i.e. if the span of control is narrow a large number of levels of hierarchy are needed. In practice spans can vary between one and forty or more subordinates directly supervised, although the most likely range is between three and twenty. Smaller spans tend to be found among managerial, professional and technical groups. Here factors such as cost, the complexity of the work and the need to deal adequately with the problems of people, who may themselves be managers of others, require a closer involvement by superiors in the total operation of their units. Towards the bottom end of the organisational hierarchy, where employees who have no subordinates themselves are carrying out routine tasks, it is practicable to have much larger spans. The whole question of spans of control is linked to top managements views about the number of levels they should have in their organisation. If a flat organisation is preferred, then larger spans are an inevitable consequence, especially for middle managers. If a tall structure is preferred, then spans can be smaller. Any final decision has to be a compromise between these opposing consequences. Other important influences on the size of the spans in an organisation or unit include: * The levels of ability of management i.e. are they capable of producing results with spans of a certain number. * The level of knowledge and experience of the subordinates concerned, e.g. well-trained and experienced staff require less supervision than those without training and experience * The complexity of the work of the unit and the degree of change to which it is subject, i.e. the more complex and more fast changing the work, the more necessary it is to install narrow spans of control * The costliness of possible mistakes by individuals in the unit * The degree of hazard or danger associated with the work, e.g. work on oil rigs or in biochemical laboratories requires special attention to safety procedures In a tall organisational structure many levels separate the lowest positions from the highest one. Hierarchical structures are taken to the extreme in organisations like the army. There are lots of different ranks or grades of workers, with different responsibilities, pay and status. Such organisations are meant to be more inflexible and bureaucratic. 2. Informal and Formal Organisational Structures Organisational structure can be viewed from many perspectives, but I find viewing it from a decision making perspective most useful. Structure exists to perform two essential functions within an organisation: a) Control Ensuring that decision makers at all levels use the managerial or hierarchical constraint as one of the criteria in making their decisions, and b) Coordination Ensuring that decision makers at all levels use lateral or peer constraints as criteria in their decision making The informal organisation structure usually consists of staff and workers who report directly to a small number of managers. This permits a strong influence on morale, motivation and how satisfied staff are with their jobs. This can assist in giving a fast response to customers and following up market opportunities quickly but can lead to confusion of responsibilities and confuse decision making. Organisational growth could lead to increased tension due to overlapping of job roles which would lead to the organisation adopting a formal organisational structure. The informal organisation is: * Flexible and loosely structured * Relationships may be left undefined * Membership is spontaneous and with varying degrees of involvement. The informal organisation can serve a number of important functions: * It provides satisfaction of members social needs, and a sense of personal identity and belonging * It provides for additional channels of communication; for example, through the grapevine information of importance to particular members is communicated quickly * It provides a means of motivation, for example, through status, social interaction, variety in routine or tedious jobs, and informal methods of work. * It provides a feeling of stability and security, and through informal norms of behaviour can exercise a form of control over members * It provides a means of highlighting deficiencies or weaknesses in the formal organisation, for example, areas of duties or responsibilities not covered in job descriptions or outdated systems and procedures. The informal organisation may also be used when formal methods would take too long, or not be appropriate, to deal with an unusual or unforeseen situation The informal organisation, therefore, has an important influence on the morale, motivation, job satisfaction and performance of staff. It can provide members with greater opportunity to use their initiative and creativity in both personal and organisational development. The informal organisation is the networks of relationships that employees form across functions and divisions to accomplish tasks fast. Control is also an integral part of the process of management and a key element for any organisation, playing an important role in the relationship between managers and their subordinates. Control is not only a function of the formal organisation and hierarchical structure of authority, it is also a feature of organisational behaviour and a function of interpersonal influence. The whole purpose of managerial control is the improvement in performance at both the individual and organisational level. Control involves the planning and organisation of work functions, and guiding and regulating the activities of staff. A social organisation is an ordered arrangement of individual human interactions. Control processes help circumscribe typical behaviours and keep them conformant to the rational plan of the organisation. Organisations require a certain amount of conformity as well as the integration of diverse activities. It is the function of control to bring about conformance to organisational requirement and achievement of the ultimate purposes of the organisation. At the organisational level, management need to exercise control over the behaviour and actions of staff in order to ensure a satisfactory level of performance. Managerial control systems are a means of checking progress to determine whether the objectives of the organisation are being achieved. Control provides a check on the execution of work and on the success or failure of the operations of organisations. There are two main types of control which can be used within the organisation and whichever one of these two styles is chosen plays an important factor in the relationship between the manager and his/her subordinates. Firstly, there is Behavioural Control which is based upon the direct personal supervision of the employees. This form of control appears more useful to the needs of individual managers in their attempts to control subordinates in one department or section. There is also Output Control which is based on the measurement of outputs and the results achieved. This form of control serves the needs of the organisation as a whole and is used largely because of the demand for simple measurement of organisational performance. There are five essential elements for a management control system to be truly successful. These factors include the planning of what is desired, establishing standards of performance, monitoring actual performance, comparing actual achievement against the planned target and also rectifying the taking of corrective action. Control is viewed as an essential feature of formal organisation and a hierarchical structure of authority. An alternative view of control is more in keeping with the human relations approach, control is seen as a feature of interpersonal influence and takes place within a network of interaction and communication. While the need for some form of control is constant, the extent and manner of control is variable. In the formal organisational structure there will be patterns of communication and procedures for decision making. Some organisations will have tall structures with lots of layers of command. Other organisations can be relatively flat. The formal structure is usually the first structure adopted after the simple informal organisational structure. It represents a significant shift from centralisation (one person in charge) to decentralisation. Management is divided into tasks of getting the work (sales marketing), carrying out the work (operations), getting the staff (personnel) and recording transactions and arranging finance (finance). This can lead to tension and inter-rivalry between functions, overlap, duplication of effort and difficulties in co-ordination can also occur. Formal structures are often based on specific tasks and it is how these tasks are allocated and the authority which they carry are explained by the organisational structure. The formal organisation is based on official links and connections whereas the informal organisation is based on loose ad hoc connections. It is much easier to set out an organisation chart for formal structure than for informal ones, which may not be obvious and may change although some informal structures are deeply embedded in working practice. The formal organisation is: * Deliberately planned and created * Concerned with the co-ordination of activities * Hierarchically structured with stated objectives, the specification of tasks, and defined relationships of authority and responsibility. Within the formal organisation an informal organisation will always be present. I would define an organisations structure as the architecture both visible and invisible which connects and weaves together all aspects of the organisations activities so that it functions in a dynamic way. One simple approach is to consider how an organisations structure is described when represented in the form of a diagram which is most often shown as an organisation chart. Below is an example of formal organisation chart for 3. Organisational Structure of Scottish Enterprise Borders a) Scottish Enterprise operates a formal organisational structure subdivided into regional structures for each Local Enterprise company. This structure is due to the organisation being relatively large, geographically dispersed, and delivering a wide range of goods/services. This is in common with all 12 local enterprise companies and allows us to work in close proximity to our customers and partners, by locating staff throughout lowland Scotland. The regional structuring was adopted following a process the Scottish Enterprise Network went through 2 years ago called Business Transformation. This entailed a radical overhaul of the way Scottish Enterprise conducted its business. As part of Business Transformation the organisational structure of the entire Scottish Enterprise Network was reviewed and as a result a flatter less bureaucratic structure developed. The original structure hindered the decision making process and there was a lack of co-ordination. The network needed to modernise its working practices to ensure that it was giving tax payers value for money. b) It was considered that adopting this type of structure would improve decision making, fix accountability for performance and increase the coordination of functions. This structure allows the network to evaluate and monitor its activities, it also allows a degree of flexibility. The main downside of this strategy is that it does foster rivalry among the divisions. This is why our organisational values became an integral part of how we do business. Rivalry between local enterprise companies and departments is a cultural and historical issue that will probably always exist. In Network terms, our business units are the 12 LECs and the directorates in Atlantic Quay. Every business unit owns a balanced scorecard to help them manage the performance of their own business unit. The reference point for this is the Network balanced scorecard agreed with the Corporate Management Team. Strategy maps articulate the key objectives that describe both what the organisation wants to achieve and how it is going to achieve it, and demonstrates the critical cause and effect relationships between these objectives (i.e. linkages between desired outcomes and what we must have in place internally to deliver them). Strategy maps are now considered to be the single most important and useful element of designing a balanced scorecard. 4. Organisational Chart a) The organisational structure of a business is most easily summarised in an organisational chart. The chart shows at any given moment in time how work is divided and the grouping together of activities, the levels of authority and formal organisational relationships. Organisation charts describe in diagrammatic form the structure of an organisation. It is the skeleton upon which every other activity depends, more importantly, it is the framework which explains the communication pattern, process and the linking mechanisms between the roles. It illustrates to everyone who communicates with whom, how the control system works, who is in control, who has authority and above all, who is responsible. It explains how the organisation is co-ordinated and how individual departments relate. The division of labour and the relationship of one position to another is reflected in an organisational chart which can act as a guide to explain how the work of different people in the organisation is co-ordinated and integrated. Once specified and defined, the jobs and the authority and responsibility relations between them are represented on an organisational chart. Some charts are very sketchy and give only a minimal amount of information whilst others give varying amounts of additional details, such as an indication of the broad nature of duties and responsibilities of the various units. Others include names of post holders and even photographs, and some give the salary grading for individual positions. Using such a chart would allow employees to become familiar with the organisation, making them feel a part of the company, allowing them to know whos who and whats going on. Organisational charts are useful in explaining the outline structure of the company. They may be used as a basis for the analysis and review of structure, for training and management succession, and for formulating changes. The chart indicates several important details about the organisation: * Lines of communication * Delegation of authority * Accountability * Span of Control * The way in which the work of the organisation is grouped Organisational charts have several weaknesses as a means of explaining organisational structure. Most importantly, they may not be consistent with reality. They may not be current. They may imply a formality that does not exist in practice. Often, they are drawn from a top down perspective. The organisation may look quite different from the bottom than from the top. They often imply that a pyramid structure is the best or only way to organise a business. A circular organisational approach or team approach may in fact be better in some cases. The organisation chart may fail to come to come to grips with the power and authority of a popular and charismatic person relatively low in the organisation or a person who has a substantial financial investment in the business without being a formal part of the management team. Hierarchy refers to the number of levels found in an organisation. In a company that has a flat organisation structure there are relatively few levels between the lowest and highest levels of authority. The basic distinction made between tall hierarchical organisations, and flatter teamwork structured organisations is that a tall organisation will have several layers of command. In contrast team structures will be based on cells of team members working together, often belonging to several project teams which form and reform as projects start and finish. The line relationship authority flows vertically down through the structure, for example, from the chief executive to director, director to team. There is a direct relationship between superior and subordinate, with each subordinate responsible to only one person. Line relationships are associated with functional or departmental divisions of work and organisational control. Directors have authority and responsibility for all matters and activities within their own directorate. Lateral Relationships exist between team members. The organisation is not concerned with responsibilities or authority but rather with providing an avenue for communication and co-ordination between widely different aspects of work. The lateral relationships that exist may be categorised into: Colleague Relations: These are the relationship that exists between people working in the same directorate and who are members of the same team. Collateral Relations: These are the relationships that are necessary for the interchange of ideas and opinions between people at the same level but in different teams within the organisation. 5. Organisational Structure Matrix Structure Matrix structures are organisational forms which have evolved as a result of co-ordination problems in highly complex industries such as software development, where functional and product types of structure have not been able to meet organisational demands for a variety of key activities and relationships arising from the required work processes. A matrix structure usually combines a functional form of structure with a project-based structure. For example, in a two year project to produce a modified version of a standard software programme, one project manager will co-ordinate, and be held accountable for, the work to be undertaken by the project team, and he will be the person who deals on a regular basis with the client. However, in addition to reporting to his own senior line manager on progress with the project as a whole, he will also report on specialist matters, such as design issues, to one or more functional managers, depending on the complexity of the project. The functional managers provide technical expertise and organisational stability. The project manager provides the driving force and the day-to-day control required to steer the project through during its relatively temporary lifetime. The main feature of a matrix structure is that it combines lateral with vertical lines of communication and authority. This has the important advantage of combining the relative stability and efficiency of a hierarchical structure with the flexibility and informality of an organic form of structure. A matrix form focuses on the requirements of the project group, which is in direct contact with the client. It helps to clarify who is responsible for the success of the project. It encourages functional managers to understand their contributory role of the purely functional form, i.e. individual empire building by the functional heads. Three conditions are necessary for the matrix: * Economy of scale in the use of internal resources * Environmental pressure for two or more critical factors such as product (need to complete a specific projectfor example development of the Lower Churchill Falls for electricity) and function (specialized work activity skills needed from within the functional structure necessary for completing this project) * Environment is both complex and uncertain Key Matrix Roles The matrix relies on three key roles: Top leader This individual must keep a balance between the two authority structures. The leader attempts to achieve a balanced matrix structure. Oftentimes either a functional matrix (primary boss functional leader) or product matrix (primary boss functional leader). Matrix bosses Individuals who have management responsibility within the functional and divisional structure need to work collaboratively and establish a priori arrangements for decision making and dispute resolution. Two-boss employee These individuals are the employees who perform the essential work and they report to two bosses requiring them to be able to deal with conflicting demands. Strengths and Weaknesses * Achieves coordination necessary to meet dual demands from divisional-product and functional requirements, but dual authority can be frustrating and confusing to employees. * Provides flexible use of human resources across divisions-products, but participants need excellent interpersonal skills for work to proceed smoothly and successfully * Suited to environment in which frequent changes occur, but consensus seeking and meetings are time-consuming * Provides an opportunity for employees to acquire in-depth skill development for both functional and division-product skill development. * Suited best in medium-sized organizations with several products or projects However, like all organisational form, matrix structures do have their disadvantages. The most important are: * The potential conflicts that can arise concerning the allocation of resources and the division of authority as between project groups and functional specialists * The relative dilution of functional management responsibilities throughout the organisation * The possibility of divided loyalties on the part of members of project teams in relation to their own manager and their functional superiors Despite these disadvantages, the matrix form probably offers the best answer to date to the issue of handling the tension between the need to differentiate and the need to integrate the complex activities of modern organisations. Hybrid Structure Hybrid structures occur when an organisation adopts a structure, which combines two structures from either functional, product or customer principles as a basis for its design. Most organisations eventually use multiple forms of structure within a single overall structure. Once work groups have been departmentalised, the organisation needs to develop a network of reporting relationships. A hierarchy is the pattern of reporting relationships between individuals in positions throughout an organisation. The hierarchy has two purposes; to specify which positions are responsible for which areas of operation and to specify the authority of different positions relative to one another. Authority is the power created and granted by the organisation. Organisations must decide how authority is to be distributed among various positions, levels and departments. The process of distributing authority between managers and subordinates is known as delegation. Delegation is a three step process between a manager and one or more subordinates. 1) Assigning responsibility 2) Granting authority 3) Creating accountability Many managers are reluctant to delegate because they dont know how to do so or they feel threatened by a subordinate who performs well. Organisations need to help managers decide how much responsibility to delegate and to overcome the threat of being overshadowed. Decisions about how to distribute authority throughout an organisation result in decentralisation or centralisation. Delegation is essentially a power-sharing process in which individual managers transfer part of their legitimate authority to subordinates/team leaders, but without passing on their own ultimate responsibility for the completion of the overall task which has been entrusted to them by their own superiors. Strengths and Weaknesses * The hybrid is a balance between a pure divisional or product structure and a pure functional structure and combines the advantages of each. * Weaknesses include high administrative costs and potential conflict over goal focus and resource allocations for functional and divisional departments. The reasons for delegation are mainly practical, but some are idealistic. Practical reasons include: * Senior managers can be relieved of less important, or less immediate, responsibilities in order to concentrate on more important duties * Delegation enables decisions to be taken nearer to the point of impact, and without the delays caused by frequent reference upwards * Delegation gives managers the opportunity to experience decision making and the consequences of their decisions * Delegation encourages managers to learn how to cope with responsibility * Delegation enables organisations to meet changing conditions more flexibly, especially at the boundaries of their system Idealistic reasons for delegation include: * Delegation is a good thing for individual growth, and contributes to staff morale * Delegation is the sine qua non of empowerment (Peter, 1988) * Delegation helps to enrich individuals jobs and humanises work. Most organisations find the need to delegate forced on them by circumstances, especially the pressures on managers to concentrate on environmental issues rather than on internal problems. Overall, organisations have to adapt and grow whilst responding to environment and technology changes by developing more complex structures that are composites of the basic types. Both Hybrid and Matrix structures are composites of the basic type of organisation structure. The reasons why organisations divide into different structures is varied. Typically, structures develop out of functional lines (production, sales etc); geography (like Coca Cola); or by business. The reason will be about capitalising on some structural efficiencies or economies of scale to produce competitive advantage. The benefits are that the smaller (hopefully more logical) units will be more manageable, efficient and profitable. Perhaps being closer to their market and more adaptable. Possibly maximising on internal communications and transfer of knowledge. The consequences are (hopefully) that the benefits are realised. However, the best practice is to be found in organisations that use delegation positively as an important employee motivator as well as a means of facilitating effective decision-making throughout the organisation. Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7226386095805078667.post-90323791434310907342019-11-14T19:51:00.001-08:002019-11-14T19:51:04.280-08:00Role of Men in Louisas Life in Hard Times :: Dickens Hard Times Essays Role of Men in Louisa's Life in Hard Times In Hard Times Charles Dickens portrays Louisa Gradgrind as a realistic character who faces conflict from the start of her life. Louisa encounters three major psychological conflicts in the form of three different men: Mr. Gradgrind, Mr. Bounderby, and Tom Gradgrind. Men play a very important role in the shaping of Louisa's life. Instead of being her own person and expressing her own feelings, Louisa falls under the realm of these three men. Since the beginning of her life, Louisa isn't allowed to express herself because her father continually stresses the facts. Mr. Gradgrind suppresses Louisa's imagination and all she can do is wonder. One example of Louisa attempting to view the unknown occurs when she and Tom peep through a loophole in order to see a circus (8). This is the first time both Louisa and Tom have seen such a sight. When asked why they were there, Louisa curiously answers, "Wanted to see what it was like" (8), a response any normal child would have. Her "starved imagination" (8) is curious and needs some sort of avenue for release. As Louisa blossoms into a young lady, the young Miss Gradgrind enchants one particular suitor. Her father thought that it was time for Louisa to marry and had a suitable companion in mind. When Mr. Gradgrind asks Louisa if she would like to be Mrs. Bounderby, all Louisa can utter is, "You have been so careful of me, that I never had a child's dream. You have dealt so wisely wit h me, father, from my cradle to this hour, that I never had a child's belief or a child's fear" (63). Mr. Gradgrind interprets his daughter's words as a compliment to him and his strict belief in teaching only the facts. But Louisa means she has not experienced life and has never been given the chance. Her childhood has been murdered by her father's strict insistence on the perpetuation of facts only. Although Louisa realizes she has been enslaved by the theories of fact, she willingly enters yet another bondage to Mr. Bounderby allowing the process of her suppression to continue. Mr. Bounderby is yet another man in Louisa's life who expects her to conform to the system implemented by men in society. This young girl, more than half his junior, appeals to Josiah Bounderby and soon they wed. Nixon Hellerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12188006503550429966noreply@blogger.com0