The Effect Of Macroeconomic Indicators On Economic Growth...

THE EFFECT OF MACROECONOMIC INDICATORS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN A PETROL-DOLLAR ECONOMY: THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE 1. Introduction The Central Bank of Nigeria Act of 1958(CBN) vested the monetary policy powers of economic stability on the apex regulatory bank (CBN).Since our independence in 1960,CBN has operated a fixed exchange regime which was at various times was at par with the British pounds and later the United States Dollar. This exchange rate regime was operated in addition to administrative controls on foreign exchange to ensure macroeconomic goals of government are achieved. Exchange rate volatility became problematic following the breakdown of the Breton Woods negotiations in 1973 which led to flexible exchange rate among world currencies. Countries tried to establish exchange rates with trading partners whom they have bilateral and multilateral trade agreements with. A watershed in exchange rate policy was achieved in 1978, as CBN pegged the Nigeria Naira to 12 currencies of her major trading partners. This lofty objective was short-lived as the oil-glut of the 1980s in the international oil market led to inability of the Federal Government to meet international financial commitment. Monetary policy is the process the government uses through the apex bank (CBN) to control the supply of money of money, availability of money and cost of money or rate of interest in order to attain a set of objectives oriented towards the growth and stability ofShow MoreRelatedFdi Inflow, Current Account Balance, Inflation and Interest Rate: How Do They Impact the Malaysian Economy?8688 Words   |  35 PagesInflow, Current Account Balance, Inflation And Interest Rate: How Do They Impact The Malaysian Economy? 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The factors contributed the most in the rise hike of essential items, particularly food, are slow growth in agriculture, rise in the world prices of food items, sharp depreciation of taka against US dollar and especially against the Indian rupee, and rise in the prices of diesel and kerosene. These causes affect our general people directly. As per capita GDP is not responding with inflation, purchasingRead MoreByd Auto5285 Words   |  22 Pagesresearch indicates the recommended strategy is to form a joint venture with a local car manufacturer and undertake global standardization strategy. 2. Introduction The accelerating consumption of fossil fuel by automobiles has resulted in disastrous effects. Air pollution is risking public health, while global warming is intimidating the life of human beings. At this moment, when changes to an environmentally friendly world are urgently demanded, a number of corporations have taken measures to caterRead MoreByd Auto5278 Words   |  22 Pagesindicates the recommended strategy is to form a joint venture with a local car manufacturer and undertake global standardization strategy. 2. Introduction The accelerating consumption of fossil fuel by automobiles has resulted in disastrous effects. Air pollution is risking public health, while global warming is intimidating the life of human beings. At this moment, when changes to an environmentally friendly world are urgently demanded, a number of corporations have taken measures to cater

Literary Portrayal Of The Slavic Vampire - 2383 Words

Jan Perkowski is a Professor of Slavic Languages and Literatures at the University of Virginia. Aside from teaching courses on vampire mythology and folklore, he also researches Slavic mythology and Russian language. Perkowski has contributed many works towards vampire mythology and folklore, and â€Å"in studying the Slavic Vampire† he â€Å"devised an outline of analysis to be applied to individual accounts of Slavic vampires† (Stern). This allows for students to deconstruct the Slavic vampire to see how it may differ or strongly relate to the stereotypical vampire that the contemporary audience knows today. Today’s stereotypical vampire is commonly thought to die from a wooden stake piercing the heart or from the burning heat of the sun (Guà µmundsdà ³ttir). Physical characteristics are oftentimes extremely pale with a long nose, paired with sharp canine fangs that enhance the vampire’s unearthly, ghastly mien. The historical portrayal of the folklori c and legendary vampire is often grotesque. The uncertainty and fear of a disastrous and mysterious disease otherwise called as the Black Death spread across Europe in the mid-14th century (Benedictow). The looming, ominous plague clouded over Europe as swarms of rats carrying the bubonic plague spread throughout the city streets like a tsunami crashes into New York City, waves weaving intricately along and in-between the skyscrapers, looking for the next open space they can swell into. The lack of knowledge in regards to the origin of

Do You Like Surprises Why Free Essays

To be surprised is for the flow of life to reach you personally, to be a participant in the unpredictability of life, for better or for worse. To never be surprised is to live an incredibly sheltered life, or to be completely insensitive to the ebb and flow of live around you. I often like to be surprise even from the childhood. We will write a custom essay sample on Do You Like Surprises ? Why? or any similar topic only for you Order Now My surprises come just on holidays such as St. Nicholas or Santa Claus. I remember when my parents tried for years to make for us my holiday surprises, like putting at foot tree or in boots various gifts that always surprises me with joy. Lately, when I got married my husband was the one who started to make for me different surprises, surprised me with things material or spiritual. I remember with nostalgia, when I was kid looking forward to the winter holidays? to receive gifts. I have long believed in Santa Claus a holiday and in holy Romanian Orthodox calendar, where it comes my name â€Å"Nicoleta†. I love more than Santa Claus because my mom always surprises me with gifts twice. Once she put it in my shoes toy, candy, and later surprised me with cake, cookies, and we celebrate a birthday with neighbor’s children or from school that were my guest’s surprise. Nowadays, although I grew up with my mother surprised with call or gifts when we are closed. My husband the second person in my life who conquered surprises me is my husband. He fell in love with me since the first moment of surprise. We have met on the Internet, and the first surprise that I did it after two months of online conversation was coming to Romania to see me. Of course, he came laden with gifts for the whole family, although we do not knew very well. I thought he was a nice gesture and I took it as a charity. Another surprise was when he comeback next time with Engagement ring and he asked me to be his wife. However, after that come more, and more surprises from his part and my life became changes. In conclusion, I like to make surprises as well as to accept them, How to cite Do You Like Surprises ? Why?, Essay examples

Cloud Computing Hits Snag in Europe for Networking- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCloud Computing Hits Snag in Europe for Networking. Answer: Cloud computing is the technology utilized for transferring data or any type of services via Internet. The services include analytics, networking, servers and storage. The services are configurable (Dewey, 2016). The main benefit of cloud computing is that the data analysis can be done easily. Apart from this, cloud computing is affordable for all organizations. It even does its job with intense speed and this in turn increases the overall productivity of the organization easily. However, in spite of helping the technological world with so many advantages, cloud computing do has some of the major disadvantages (Hashizume et al., 2013). The major disadvantage of cloud computing is that the downtime is excessive high. The essay given below briefly describes the major turmoil that occurred in Europe due to cloud computing. The essay helps to understand whether the case is ethical or not with the help of the four classical theories of ethics. Proper justifications are also provided to un derstand the case study. Cloud computing helps to transfer data and other services over the Internet easily. This is done with utmost security and reliability. However, in 2010, Europe suffered from several drawbacks in the cloud (OBrien, 2017). The European government wanted to secure European cloud and the confidential data from all types of cyber threats and risks. The free flow of data can be easily modified and intercepted by the cyber criminals and terrorists. One of the major disadvantage of cloud computing is that the security can be intercepted. Due to this reason, the government of Europe restricted the cloud to such level that no data was theft was intercepted through this. However, the problem with such restrictions was that the procedures and processes of the cloud were slowed down with the comparison of the United States (Zissis Lekkas, 2012). The government of US allows all the organizations to transfer data through cloud computing legally. Europe was lagging behind in terms of sales by almos t 6 times than US. The total sales in 2012 were about 102 billion dollars in US, whereas in Europe it was only about 18 billion dollars. The main problem was that all the data were being encrypted before transferring them. This was slowing down the entire process. Another problem in this case study was the European Data Privacy Directive. This directive did not allow data from European Union to move internationally (OBrien, 2017). Handful countries like US, Argentina and Canada were allowed for providing the services of cloud. The main objective of this essay is to understand whether the case study of the European cloud is ethical or non ethical. There are four classical theories of ethics (Arntzenius, 2014). They are the utilitarianism theory, deontology theory, virtue theory and the contract theory. The government of Europe was stopping the data to transfer in the cloud. The utilitarianism theory states that every activity should have a utility. This type of activity can be said as the best activity. In this case study, the European government was trying to secure and protect the European data. They did not have any wrong or unethical intentions behind this (Crimmins, 2017). However, the activity did not have any utility. Rather, it was negative. Therefore, as per the utilitarianism theory, the case study is non-ethical. The second theory is the Deontology theory. This theory states that all decisions taken by human beings must be taken on the basis of the morality of an action (Chen Schonger, 2017). According to this theory, every decision is based on obligations and duties. The moral obligation obliges a person to complete his task. This type of obligation comes from external and internal sources like personal, cultural values, legal, religious and universal laws. In the case study of cloud computing, the government of Europe is not non-ethical as they did not do anything wrong (Lazar, 2017). They were only performing their responsibilities. The case study is not unethical as per the deontology theory. The third theory of ethics is the virtue theory. The thoughts that a person have and the decision that a person takes is dependent on the character of the person (Audi, 2012). If the person bears an ethical character, he will come up with ethical and moral decisions. However, if he bears an unethical character, he will always take unethical decisions. The thoughts are completely managed and controlled by the individual (Van Hooft, 2014). Here, this theory does not apply as the decision taken by European government is not based on thoughts. The fourth theory is the contract theory (Fried, 2015). This theory states that the morality of an individual depends on any type of contract. It is helpful for taking out the ethical and moral values in that individual. No such contract is mentioned in this case (Niebuhr, 2013). Thus, this theory is not applicable in this particular case study. The decision taken by European government for protecting the data in the cloud somewhat backfired them. The entire process was slowed down. I would recommend that some more countries should be allowed for sending and receiving data. This will be helpful for Europe as it will open up more options for Europe. Therefore, it can be concluded that cloud computing is the technology utilized for transferring data or any type of services via Internet. The services include analytics, networking, servers and storage. The services are configurable. The main benefit of cloud computing is that the data analysis can be done easily. Apart from this, cloud computing is affordable for all organizations. It even does its job with intense speed and this in turn increases the overall productivity of the organization easily. However, in spite of helping the technological world with so many advantages, cloud computing do has some of the major disadvantages. The major disadvantage of cloud computing is that the downtime is excessive high. The essay briefly describes the major turmoil that occurred in Europe due to cloud computing. The essay helps to understand whether the case is ethical or not with the help of the four classical theories of ethics. According to the utilitarianism theory, the case is non ethi cal, however, according to the deontology theory, the case study is ethical. The virtue and contract theories do not apply to this case study. Proper justifications are also provided to understand the case study. References Arntzenius, F. (2014). Utilitarianism, decision theory and eternity.Philosophical Perspectives,28(1), 31-58. Audi, R. (2012). Virtue ethics as a resource in business.Business Ethics Quarterly,22(2), 273-291. Chen, D. L., Schonger, M. (2017). Social preferences or sacred values? theory and evidence of deontological motivations. Crimmins, J. E. (Ed.). (2017).The Bloomsbury encyclopedia of utilitarianism. Bloomsbury Publishing. Dewey, J. (2016).Ethics. Read Books Ltd. Fried, C. (2015).Contract as promise: A theory of contractual obligation. Oxford University Press, USA. Hashizume, K., Rosado, D. G., Fernndez-Medina, E., Fernandez, E. B. (2013). An analysis of security issues for cloud computing.Journal of Internet Services and Applications,4(1), 5. Lazar, S. (2017). Deontological Decision Theory and Agent-Centered Options.Ethics,127(3), 579-609. Niebuhr, R. (2013).Moral man and immoral society: A study in ethics and politics. Westminster John Knox Press. OBrien, K. (2017).Cloud Computing Hits Snag in Europe.Nytimes.com. Retrieved 19 September 2017, from https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/20/technology/20cloud.html?hpw Van Hooft, S. (2014).Understanding virtue ethics. Routledge. Zissis, D., Lekkas, D. (2012). Addressing cloud computing security issues.Future Generation computer systems,28(3), 583-592.